Childrens’ Functional Health Assessment Essay

Short Answer Questions call up the following based on the above judging findings. Expected answers will be 1-2 paragraphs in length. get up and reference outside sources used.1) Compare and contrast identified similarities as well as differences in evaluate assessment across the minorhood age groups.As a boor moves from being a toddler through preschool to school-aged, they are faced with many challenges to overcome. Development growth, which is subject to the childs environment and demesne of influential people and pressures in their lives, is directly shaped and guided by their familys culture, religion and hold dear/belief system.The differences are seen in how each developmental phase interacts and responds within each health assessment pattern. The toddler and preschool child need more structure and routine, whether its brushing their teeth, eating or make outtime rituals. School-aged children assimilate the values and learned behaviors of being a toddler and build upo n them as they move toward building their bear self-concept and sense of identity. There are similarities as the children strive for autonomy and the ability to express themselves verbally. As the child continues to learn, they will develop an understanding of good behaviors and bad behaviors.Play continues to be the primary activity for kindergarteners as well as for toddlers. Preschoolers venture farther from home than toddlers do and many of their activities contain other children and involve modeling behavior. Pre-schoolers prolong bedtime routines more often than the toddler. They respond more maturely to stress than do toddlers. The preschooler has a longer and more rigid bedtime ritual than the toddler. School-age children, unlike toddlers and preschoolers experience few difficulties with going to bed (Edelman & Mandle, 2010).2) Summarize how a nurse would handle physical assessments, examinations, education, and communication differently with children versus adults. Consid er spirituality and ethnical differences in your answer.According to Javis (2012), children should be treated as equal partners in the health care triad. Nurses should implicate the child in the introductory stage of the interview. When dealing the toddler and preschooler, the nurse should interact with the caregiver first, big the child the opportunity to see the nurses interaction with their caregiver. This allows the child to see that the caregiver has accepted and trusts the nurse. For the toddler and the preschooler, the parent will be providing most, if not all of the health history. With the pre-school-age population, they may be the repair source of important data to the history (Jarvis, 2012).Strategies that the nurse might incorporate include awareness of the non-homogeneous developmental stages that children go through. When performing a physical assessment, toddlers and preschoolers should sit on their parents laps while school-age should sit on a Big boys or Big gi rls examining bed nurse should be at an eye direct maintain privacy, and should use for praise cooperation. When talking to the child and explaining concepts the nurse should use simple language that the child can understand. The nurse should allow the child to hold instruments, like a stethoscope, during the physical exam to avail them feel like they are involved in their own care. Sharing reading materials or media to notion at can help divert their attention away from the nurse (Jarvis, 2012).ReferencesEdelman, L. & Mandle, L. (2010). Health Promotion passim the Life Span (7th ed). Retrieved from https//pageburstls.elsevier.com.Physical Examination & Health Assessment 6thed. St. Louis, MI Mosby. Retrieved from https//pageburstls.elsevier.com

Martha McCaskey The Seleris Associates Industry Analysis Case Study

For the past 18 months Martha McCaskey has been an exemplary per causality with mellowed integrity and been assigned as a project leader to a crucial high write project named te 6. Upon undefeated completion of silicon 6, McCaskey has been promised a promotion to multitude manager. McCaskey is being pressured by senior focal point to sack the project and pack an workion plan to subject to the lymph gland. Now she has whatever options to weigh in graze to completed the project. What McCaskey must decide is where she draws the line on compromising her values in order to complete atomic number 14 6.She go forth train to decide what constitutes proprietary information or is she engaging in valets industrial espionage McCaskey has also realized she might have to pay slightly(prenominal) angiotensin converting enzyme off to covering her project in order to attain her promised promotion. She felt she has al way of lifes maintained a high detail of integrity until now. in that respect were some word of advice flags McCaskey should have noniced. The focus this news report is to examine specific reasons rudimentary McCaskeys situation, what the warning flags were and what tactics she should employ concerning her involvement in the silicon 6 project and her upcoming with Seleris.Martha McCaskey Seleris Associates Industry Analysis Division Case Study Martha McCaskey has been assigned as the Project Leader of the Silicon 6 Project with Seleris Associates Industry Analysis Division (IAD). She is facing some real tough decisions that goat be career threatening and possibly have legal ramifications. Silicon 6 has be light a crucial project for IAD. Silicon 6 will account for 20% of IADs revenues. If successful for IADs client therefore more lucrative projects would follow. This should have been a warning sign to McCaskey, a high profile project given to a new hire would not happen.McCaskey has been promised a promotion to theme Manager with a su bstantial increase in pay if she performs well. This was a warning sign. How could McCaskey be promoted to root Manager? There were only 2 aggroups who was going to go? Was it just lip-service to entice her further to stupefy the call for information on Silicon 6? Selersiss client is a semiconductor manufacturer based in California. The client has retained IAD to observe cost structure and manufacturing processes for a new splintering being manufactured by a competitor. Selersiss client has offered to double the consulting fees if the required information could be controled.McCaskey has been tasked by her management to formulate an action plan to present to senior management of the client and IAD. McCaskey is attempt with how she must decide what constitutes proprietary information and what is public surviveledge. McCaskey wonders if she is engaging in gentlemans industrial espionage. She has always maintained a high degree of integrity, until now. McCaskey now has some di fferent approaches for finishing the Silicon 6 project to ponder. The Events Leading Up To Marthas Situation Martha McCaskey has the right pedigree Electrical engineer science (EE) degree from CalTech, and Harvard MBA.Shortly after finishing her MBA she became an associate with Seleris Associates Industry Analysis Division. This region specializes in clients in the computer component manufacturing industry. McCaskeys offer was generous plus she received a good character reference from a fountain CalTech associate who was employed there. The division was divided into 2 wholes. One unit was to a lower place Group Manager Bud Hackert c all in alled the Old Guard which move arounded mainly on indep final stageent projects and the other unit downstairs Group Manger Bill Davies comprised of newer associates or New Guard where McCaskey was assigned.The New Guard group worked predominately on team projects. McCaskeys first project received high praise from Tom Malone the divisions v ice president stating her performance was the outgo the division had ever seen. The second project was genuinely challenging. Under heavy pressure McCaskey was successful. by and by presenting successfully to the client, the president of IAD Ty Richardson asked McCaskey what her delay was on this project in writing the clients report. McCaskey was so outraged she finished the report in 10 days. Malone established her report as the new benchmark for IAD projects.This behavior by Malone should have been a warning sign as well. McCaskey had been with IAD a short time and already her work was a bench mark? There is no easier way to gain loyalty thence by praise. McCaskey felt Richardson and Malone disapproved of her handling of the project. It was during this period that Malone suggested McCaskey ask advice of 2 members of the Hackerts group Dan Randall and Chuck Kaufmann concerning obtaining sources of information. Hackerts group was involved in gathering detailed information well-n igh competitors.This McCaskey quick as accrediteded that Kaufmann and Randall were the real producers of this group. Before she was make on her current project McCaskey was asked by Richardson to talk with the time out of the members of Davies Old Guard group on the Silicon 6 Project. Randall was cold and unapproachable and Kaufmann was unavailable. McCaskey did work posterior with Kaufmann on some team projects and she found him to be approachable and fun to work with. The Atmosphere At IAD Several senior associates had go away the firm in the last few months. McCaskey over the months has find was that IAD had some severe morals issues.The president Ty Richardson is very sharp as well as a convert salesperson with plenty of charm and charisma. He was very driven, mostly by money. The defacto Chief Operating officeholder (COO) Tom Malone was the grammatical case of leader who was another great talker and salesman who once verbalize to Kauffman that he did not care about th e roundover at IAD beca white plague he could just put an ad in the paper and hire all the staff he needed. Richardson and Malone stated to the staff about being part of the management team. However two would go on a client visit without involving the staff. The staff felt left out and perceived themselves as being non-contributors.McCaskey had been given the freedom by Richardson to perform her work as she wished and her work was also recognized by Richardson. Her bonus that year was $25,000 while the other associates bonuses were much smaller. This should have been a warning sign to McCaskey, special attention by senior management, to include a capacious bonus in excess of co-workers share. McCaskey And Silicon 6 McCaskey had been asked to work on Silicon 6 because of her EE degree and coursework on chip design. Richardson had stated the project was behind schedule and her expertness would be valuable.McCaskey was certified she would be working with Chuck Kauffman. Kaufmann wa s hard working but was taken advantage of by some(prenominal) Richardson and Malone. He was paid less than whatever other associate and felt the play along needed his expertise to run the business. Kaufmann could not step back and see his situation. When trying to obtain information from industry sources McCaskey would identify herself as a representative of a trade journal. McCaskey thought that was a little more to a higher place board than visiting a position company and pretending to be intervie larng for a job, as a consulting friend of hers does.Richardson spends more time with Randall, McCaskey and Kaufmann often making impromptu visits to see McCaskey and Kaufmann. McCaskey was still struggling with obtaining credible information on the target company. Seleris client had also placed a stipulation that the target company was not to be contacted, to avoid the appearance of price fixing. Malone had queried McCaskey on whether she had been able to contact any former employ ees of the target company. On other projects she had found former employees of target companies a valuable source of information.Kaufmann had confided in McCaskey he had paid a former employee of a target company a $5,000 consulting fee for spreadsheets and a business plan for a new product line. He mentioned Randall had done this on a level(p) basis on Seleris projects. IAD had no written formal policies concerning solicitation guidelines and rules of engagement working for a client. McCaskey substantiate with a coworker that members of Hackerts Old Guard group routinely paid off ex employees of target companies to obtain sensitive and proprietary information for Seleris clients and the Group Manager Hackert condoned and encouraged this behavior.Desperate for information McCaskey considered using former employees of the target company to complete Silicon 6. When she learned of the bribes McCaskey should have known what Seleris was all about, ethics not being an attribute. This wa s another warning sign she chose to ignore. Enter Phil Devon McCaskeys best lead came via some ergodic events. During her research she came across a prof at a small east coast engineering school who actively consulted with European semiconductor manufacturers. After contacting him McCaskey discovered he could not provide her with any information.Malone then suggested McCaskey vanish out and interview him in person indicating he might have some gossip on the new chip. The expression to pillow slip interview provided no new information that McCaskey could use. The professor suggested she contact Phil Devon a consultant in southern California who had been involved in the design and first up of one of the European chip manufacturers. The lead for Devon came about under such obscure circumstances. Malone told her to fly out to see the professor for gossip and then she discovered Devon? Did he know of Devon and intended to use McCaskey as a patsy? This was another set of warning sign s for McCaskey.McCaskey set up an interview with Devon and discovered he was a former employee of the target company at the vice president level. This was large warning sign for McCaskey. You should never approach an executive of a target company, they are not ignorant. Your true intentions will be figured out in no time. McCaskey felt uneasy with Devon from the start. Devon was almost too approaching with information. McCaskey felt certain that Devon could provide her with all the information she needed to complete Silicon 6. She felt he might be leading her on in order to find out who she was working for.This should have been a red flag warning for McCaskey. Devon was way too anxious to give up information. What were his motives? on the button a nice guy who wanted to help for the right price? A disgruntled ex-employee? Was he working for the target company? Was he part of a sting operation ? She did not see to her gut on this one. McCaskey was an intelligent person she should have gone with what she felt (Welch Jack Straight From The Gut) When McCaskey debriefed Malone she communicate him of her jibeing with Devon and how she felt Devon could have provided her with all the information she required had she just asked.She then informed Malone she had come away empty handed with the needed information. She also informed him about how uneasy she felt about Devons demeanor to the point that he might call the authorities or inform the target companys plant Silicon 6 of her interest if she pressed him for the target companys information. Malone told her not to contact Devon anymore and just go through her client presentation with him. Malone informed McCaskey that Seleris would present the data as though it represented the actual Silicon 6 plant. When McCaskey objected Malone informed her no one would notice when they presented.Another warning sign, Malone was going to lie to the client. What McCaskey thought was to be a dry-run of her presentation off out to be held in front of the clients senior plant management. The plant managers s elapse her within 15 minutes of her presentation stating it provided no new information. In a closed opening session with Malone and McCaskey the client plant management stated their displeasure in Seleriss handling of the Silicon 6 project stating how much business they had given Seleris and how they hope to continue the trend. However, given what they had just witnessed they had doubts.Malone then brought up how Seleris had just made contact with an former employee of the Silicon 6 plant who could provide them all the information required given the proper incentives were provided. The attitude with the client senior management immediately changed. The client senior management doubled the consulting fee for IAD stating the additional funds could be used for incentives. The client stated they did not care how IAD obtained the information as long as they got it. Malone was entranced in the turn of events and how delighted Richardson would be.When Malone briefed Hackert, he suggested that the consulting fee paid to Devon should be $7,000 not the usual $4,000 or whatever would make it worthwhile. Malone then informed McCaskey to think about how she handle Devon and not rule out the idea of using Kaufmann to meet with Devon. McCaskey realized she was in the middle of paying Devon off to complete Silicon 6 and receive her promised promotion. This was a huge warning sign. Malone was shooting from the hip and he succeeded. Plus he had the perfect patsy McCaskey or Kaufmann. Strategies Martha McCaskey Could Have TakenOne strategy McCaskey could have taken was to stand up and define herself as a person and an employee (Jack Welch Video Define Yourself or Others allow for). If you allow people to think that you condone certain behavior, as in McCaskey stating to Malone Youre Amazing after the presentation she and Malone made to the Silicon 6 client. She seemed to value him for his dishon esty. When she learned that Seleris was bribing former employees of target companies she further failed to define herself in not speaking up for ethics and distancing herself form the situation.Her co-workers could only assume she approved of such behavior. Being new McCaskey desired to excel and research approval of her management however bribery to succeed is not the way to differentiate or realize yourself. Differentiation is a way to manage your people and your business. Its about getting the best players on your team in order to have everyone pull together and win. (Jack Welch Winning Chapter 3) You do not win by being dishonest. When McCaskey discovered her management was basically unethical she needed to have a face to face meeting with them immediately.McCaskey was not in a situation of good honcho vs. bad boss (Welch Podcast Good Boss vs. Bad Boss) with someone who was just a jerk or a bully, she was dealing with 2 people who were blatantly dishonest and unethical who w ere condoning and encouraging bribery and industrial espionage. They were crossing a line that could land them or McCaskey or Kaufmann in jail. More than likely it would have not been Richardson and Malone as they were the know it all types of mangers who would let subordinates take the fall. (Welch Podcast Bosses Who Get It All Wrong).At this point McCaskey has realized both of her managers were dishonest. You cannot trust dishonest people. Trust is the fiber of good peer to peer relationships, once gone its hard to win back. Trust is like the stock market you can lose it overnight (Fiener Chapter 3 Law of Trust). McCaskey should have confronted both Richardson and Malone both with their behavior and asked to be moved off of the project. Better to be moved off or moved out than go to jail. McCaskey did not give herself a deal of options to improve her or change her situation as she went along with the status quo.She chose not to stand up and do her job the right way. She more than likely is going to be cannon fodder for her management. (Feiner Chapter 8 Law of Conscientious Objector). A culture change needed to take place at Seleris from top to bottom and bottom to top. However, the persons you had running the company Richardson and Malone were not about to inspire any change that would deputise with their personal cash flow. The main problem with Richardson and Malone is that while both were bright and charismatic, but they were the premature type of leaders, they were not inspiring the right attributes. Feiner Chapter 2). They were not taking control of the situation for the good of the company or employees, they were doing for themselves. The burning bridge technique might have worked (Fiener Chapter 9 The Law of the Burning Bridge). For change to end it right the process must start right. Malone and Richardson were not about to upset their empire by admitting they were wrong and begin a drastic change process. It is not in their moral fiber to do so. T here was no way for McCaskey to have changed their behavior. A painful end is waiting for them. Three Emails McCaskey Should WriteTy After some thought and soul searching I feel I should be detractd from the Silicon 6 Project. I realize I have not produced well on this project and I sincerely regret my less than stellar performance. I would like to stay on with Seleris IAD and perhaps work on less high profile projects in order to give myself a much needed break. I feel very stressed and overwhelmed at this point. I would like to meet face to face with you in your office to personally discuss my options with you. I would also like to take a 2 week vacation to recover from the last few months as well.I notice your calendar is absolved form 1300-1400 would that be convenient for you? Tom Due to the tremendous stress I have been under I will be taking a couple of weeks vacation to recover. I would like to remove myself form the project. I will let you decide who should meet with Phil Devon, as I know you know the right person to speak with Devon. I have cleared this with Ty Richardson and he agrees that I need some time off. I will be moving on to some less high profile projects. Head of Human Resources I have enjoyed my tenure Seleris IAD where I feel I have freehanded personally and professionally.I feel I have worked with some of the industrys best consultants. It is a decision that I have thought about for a while and I feel it is the best option for me at this point. I will be terminating my trade within 2 weeks from receipt of this email. A certified letter confirming the same will be coming to you forthwith. Conclusion Martha McCaskey has painted herself into a corner. She can pay Devon off take her promotion and hope for the best with her future. Her situation is this she is considering bribery and has engage in industrial espionage. McCaskey should run not walk away from this situation.She should run self terminate her employment and cut all ties wi th her co-workers. She should have seen the warning flags and listened to her gut. As soon as possible McCaskey should disown Seleris IAD and retain an attorney. She needs to provide him or her with complete details of her dealings on Silicon 6. McCaskey should act on the advice of her legal counsel to protect herself if Seleris IAD chooses to come after her if the dealings with Devon take a turn for the worse. Call it what you want incentive, consulting fee, gift, its still bribery and illegal. I wonder what Jack Welch would have done?ReferencesWelch, Jack with Suzy, (2005). Winning, Harper Collins. Welch, Jack with John A. Byrne. (2001). Jack Straight From The Gut, Warner Books Inc. Feiner, Michael, (2005) The Feiner Points of Leadership. Warner Business Books. Welch, J., Welch, S. (2009). Define Yourself or Others Will Retrieved from The Welch Way Website. http//www.welchway.com/

How accurate is it to say that the causes of the demonstrations outside the Holy Cross Primary School in August 2001 date back to 1968?

On September 3rd 2001 the students of consecrated miscegenation primal School were due to return fanny to school for the new end point, however this was made sticky due to the Protestant protesters who had ga on that pointd out ramp of the school and the surrounding area to show their objection to the Catholic children and their parents walking down what was regarded to be a Protestant street on their way to school.These riots made it highly serious for the young Catholic girls to formulate to and from school every morning and afternoon their parents faced a choice, to either take their children through the barricades hastily erected by the guard and phalanx, and so showing the Protestants that they would non hazard down, or to take their children to school via the back entrance, which avoided the riots, hardly meant that the children and their parents had to walk a much longer, and more difficult route. The Catholic parents also tangle that this meant that the Protest ants were getting their way, and so m any(prenominal) of the parents chose to take their children through the police barricades, sluice though this meant subjecting the young girls to the violence and abuse that the Protestant rioters hurled at them.These riots were not unprovoked. Tension had been emergence in the surrounding area for some time and the events distant of consecrated hybridization were a result of the growing hostility that was felt between the two sides.Both the Protestants and the Catholics felt imperil by each other, and incomplete indispensabilityed to show any weakness.There were a number of short depot causes for what happened outside of saintly jump. The first of these was the fact that there were the two separate sacred communities, the Protestants and the Catholics, living in such beside proximity to each other, both(prenominal) communities felt threatened by each other, believing that the other association was taking liberties and trying to drive their community out of the area.Another of these short term causes was the fact that there was a very high rate of unemployment in the area, this meant that there were a big money of unemployed cock-a-hoop men with naught to do all day, therefore they had too much time on their give to object to everything that the other community did, and also many a(prenominal) a(prenominal) of them would purposefully try and antagonise the other side so that they could release some of their pent up energy and anger.One of the main short term causes however was the way in which the younger generations of both faiths were being brought up. Both Protestant and Catholic communities kept their children separated from children of the other religion, both by sending them to single faith schools such as Holy tangle, where unaccompanied Catholic children attended, and by living in small communities of predominantly one religion families. accordingly these children did not get to k straight way each other or let friends and so there was nothing stopping them from taking on their parents prejudices and political beliefs.However, as I mentioned earlier the events outside of Holy Cross were not only caused by short term causes, but long term causes as well.In 1171 the king of Eng body politic Henry II visited Ireland and decided to name himself the Lord of Ireland, this change made very weensy difference to the ruling of Ireland, and by 1500 English kings had little or no power over any of Ireland except a small area surrounding Dublin known at The Pale.This all changed in the 16th century when the English rulers started to take more of an interest in Ireland. As Ireland was still live mainly by Catholics the English monarchs feared that it could be used as a useful base for onslaught from surrounding Catholic countries such as France and Spain because by 1560 England was an just Protestant country and this was disliked by Catholic European countries.To take more v isit of Ireland Henry VIII of England changed his title from Lord of Ireland to queen mole rat of Ireland and told Irish nobles they were to be his subjects.The Irish did not take this well, and in Elizabeth Is rule the provinces of Ulster and Munster rebelled. Elizabeth sent in her army to deal with the rebellion.In the 17th century the English Monarchy realised that the best way to move on control over Ireland was not by force, but by land. The main source of power in Ireland was held by Irish landowners.The English monarchy set about taking land from the rich Catholic nobles in Ireland and magnanimous their land to English Protestants, these were known as plantations, and the aim of them was to take control over Ireland by big(a) the land to pack who were loyal to the king.The main plantations were in Ulster which is now where the main conflict between Catholics and Protestants takes roll.This created both economic and social reasons for what would later become the troubles in blue Ireland and so for what happened outside Holy Cross uncomplicated School.The economic reason was that taking a great deal of land off of people left them homeless, without a means of income and also introduced a lot more people into the communities and so therefore the communities had to deal with more people to support. The social reason was that taking the land off of the Catholics and giving it to the Protestants caused a great deal of resentment towards the Protestants.However, even though the Protestants now held a large proportion of the land in Ireland they did not have complete control, and when Catholic king James II became king of England in 1685. King James II lost his throne in 1688 but soon returned to Ireland with French army intending to invade England.He was not successful and Protestant King William of Orange defeated James in the battle of the Boyne on the 1st of July 1690.This is a social reason for the prolonged fight in northern Ireland because the Protestants still celebrate their victory at the Battle of the Boyne by organising Orange Marches, these only increase the tension between the two communities and often end in violence.The Protestant victory now meant that they had complete control over Ireland and the Catholics, and they intend to keep this control, the Irish parliament introduced penal laws, which were in place to keep the Catholics out of power.These laws taked that Catholics could not own large amounts of land, be properly educated, become a member of parliament or own weapons. This therefore made it extremely hard, if not impossible for a Catholic to gain any power whatsoever.I think that this is both a religious and a political reason for the troubles in Northern Ireland because the Catholics were being discriminated against simply because of their religion and they were not able to gain any political power to help themselves to gain equal rights.Towards the end of the 18th century many of the Catholics in I reland decided that it was time to do something about the British rule over Ireland. They called themselves Nationalists because they wanted Ireland to become a separate nation from Britain. They fight between the Catholic nationalists and the Protestant unionists, who want to keep Ireland violate of Britain, is the fight which still continues today in Northern Ireland and cause the events outside of Holy Cross Primary School.During the 18th and 19th centuries the Catholic nationalist attempted 3 revolutions, all of which failed. Ireland was still controlled by Protestants.In 1905 a nationalist political federal agencyy was set up by Catholics, it was named Sinn Fein. With the start of nationalists having a constituent in parliament changes slowly started to come around. The political nationalist were not demanding that Ireland became a separate state from Britain, only that it had its own government which would be fair to both Protestants and Catholics.In 1918 the Irish people, both Protestant and Catholic voted on the future of Ireland, the outcome was that Ireland would have Home rule but stay part of the British empire. However, this did not please the predominantly Protestant province of Ulster where the majority of inhabitants were unionists and wanted Ireland to be only govern by Britain.In 1921 a partition treaty was signed, this excluded Ulster the home rule, meaning that it was still ruled by Britain.However, this created a social problem in Northern Ireland because although Northern Ireland was mainly inhabited by Protestant thousands of Catholics were now left stranded in a country where they were the minority and very below the belt treated and most were unable to move.The Stormont Parliament was set up, this was intended to look after both Catholics and Protestants but was not successful in this because it was entirely controlled by Protestants, who did not want to give equal rights to Catholics in fear of the Catholics taking control. This meant that they gave Catholics poor council housing, few jobs and unfair treatment towards all Catholics, causing political, economic, and social problems.These noncurrent events show how the rivalry between the Catholics and the Protestants developed and grew. These events were long term reasons for what happened outside of Holy Cross Primary School because if it were not for the tension between the two religions and the segregation of Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland the short term events, such as what happened in 1968, would not have happened.In 1968 Catholics in Northern Ireland started peaceful line to try and gain themselves equal rights. These peaceful marches only ever ended in violence, because the Protestants felt very threatened by the Catholics trying to regain equivalence. The Protestants did not want to give Catholics equal rights because they did not want to relinquish their control over Northern Ireland. The fighting which was started by the 1968 Cath olic demonstrations continued for many years, calling a halt to any prospect of peace talks between the two religious groups.The fighting caused the resignation of the Protestant Prime minister Terence ONeill, who had been so keen to install peace and equality into Northern Ireland.By August 1969 the British army had been sent in to try and control the fighting. This was intended to be a temporary measure, but the army have never left, and are still there today.At last the British Government managed to get unionist leaders of Northern Ireland to make changes in their policies to attempt to make things fairer to the Catholic communities in Northern Ireland.The things that were changed wereElections, elections at the time were extremely biased in the Protestants favour as gerrymandering took place very often.Housing, The council housing had been unfairly given out by topical anaesthetic Protestant councils and this was an attempt to give Catholics decent housing.Unemployment, the gov ernment promised to reduce the levels of unemployment in Northern Ireland, these promises were never fulfilled.Police, the police force in Northern Ireland was an entirely Protestant armed force, which naturally was biased against the Catholics.By 1970 Northern Ireland was in crisis, The British government had decided to suspend the Stormont government and take direct rule, meaning that Northern Ireland affairs were controlled presently from Westminster.This had little effect however as paramilitary groups started to take hold over the country. A new strand of the IRA had emerged calling themselves the provisional IRA, they took control of many of the Catholic areas. They were indomitable to rid Northern Ireland of British control, and would do so by force. However the Protestant paramilitary units, the Ulster emancipation Fighters, Ulster Defence Army and the Ulster Volunteers Force were equally as determined to keep Northern Ireland linked directly to Britain.Northern Ireland w as in chaos, the fighting between Catholics and Protestants continued.I believe that this fighting is directly linked to the riots outside Holy Cross in 2001, such recent fighting meant that both sides were still angry and threatened by one another.The long term causes of the events outside Holy Cross demonstrate how the two religious sides became rivals, the introducing of Protestant plantations and the Protestants slowly gaining control over Ireland and the Catholics are what fuelled the fighting between the two communities for hundreds of years.However, I do not believe that the fighting in Northern Ireland, and in particular the rioting that occurred outside Holy Cross Primary School in 2001 was entirely about religious beliefs, I feel that the fighting was caused by the political situation in Northern Ireland, the fact that the minority Catholic group want more control over what happens in Northern Ireland and that the Protestants do not want to give up their level of control, which is why they did not want to let the Catholic families walk freely down their streets to get to Holy Cross Primary School.I think that the riots outside of Holy Cross where not entirely just about children walking down a street inhabited by a dissimilar religious community to get to school but about the fear the two communities have installed in each other during the short term causes such as the fighting. Both sides are scared that they leave alone be driven out by the other.In conclusion I think that it is not sinless to hypothesise that the causes of the demonstrations outside the Holy Cross Primary School in August 2001 date back to 1968 because the causes of the conflict in Northern Ireland dates back many centuries. I believe that It would be correct to say that the troubles from 1968 onwards are a major factor in causing the demonstrations outside Holy Cross Primary School in August 2001 but that the actual cause dates back a lot further than 1968.

Froebel’s Kindergarten Essay

streak head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL explore essay 2 fullest extent. Who is Friedrich Froebel? What did he do to become so memorable? He created the Froebels Gifts. What are Froebels Gifts? How has Froebel influenced todays children? In the town called Oberweibach located in Germany is where a man named Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel was born on April 21, 1782 (Manning, J. P. , 2005. p. 371). ix months after Froebel was born his mother fell ill and passed away (Friedrich Froebel Biography, 1999). His father Johann Jacob Froebel was a Lutheran pastor. He remarried when Froebel was 4 old age old.Froebels stepmother did not care for him and his father was too busy for him. This resulted in Froebel having a terrible childhood. Having a family with a father and stepmother whom did not care or did not have the era is what pushed Froebel to become who he was before he passed. It pushed him to become stronger and much independent. Froebels father thought of him as dimwitted. Froebels fat her insisted he goes to a school for all girls (Friedrich Froebel Biography, 1999). Froebel most wishly felt rattling small as if no one listened to him. Froebel had five older brothers. His brothers did not live at sept with him, his father, and hisstepmother.One day his eldest brother came to stay at his fathers house for quite an some time. Froebel and his eldest brother had a discussion about plants one day. Froebel, expressed delight at seeing the purple threads of the hazel buds (Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 12). His eldest brother shared with him the knowledge that there was a similar sexual difference in plants. Froebel says, From that time humanity and nature, the life of the soul and the life of the flower, were near knit together in my mind and I can still see hazel buds, like angels, opening for me the great Gods temple of nature (Michaelis, E. & Moore, H.1889. p. 12). This is where the first seed was already set into Froebels mind. He had seen a connection with humanity and nature itself. This connection developed all passim Froebels life. In 1793, Froebel travel. Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH endeavor 3 Froebel moved to Stadt-Ilm to live with his paternal uncle, Herr Hoffman (Friedrich Froebel Biography, 1999). When Froebel moved he was just 10 years old. He was allowed to attend the local school. He no longer had to attend the school for girls.Froebel thought the best subjects at the local school in Stadt-Ilm were reading, writings, arithmetic, and holiness(Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 20). His favorite subject to study was arithmetic. In 1798, his father tried to get Froebel an apprenticeship for farmers, but they wanted to juicy of a premium. His father came to terms with a forester (Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 24).By this age, Froebel wanted to be an agriculturist. Ever since he was a child, he turn ind nature, much(prenominal) as the mountains, fields, forests, and flowers. In order for Froebel to do well at becoming an agriculturist he would have to be acquainted with geometry and land-surveying (Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 20).The forester had a reputation as land-surveyor and valuer. Froebel started his apprentice for the forester on a Midsummer Day in 1797. Froebel was only 15 and a half. He apprenticed for the forester for two years ticking forestry, valuing, geometry and land-surveying (Michael, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 20). After two years Froebel left-hand(a) the apprentice job even though the forester wanted him to stay another year. Froebel wanted to learn mathematics and botany.Botany is the study of plants. He received a book on botany where his love of nature flourished even stronger. It was the year 1800 when he left the forester.Froebel had decided to continue his schooling, only problem was he did not have the money. He had a very small piece of property left to him that he inherited from his mother. He did not think it would be sufficient enough. He had to ask his trustee for the concur to realise his property (Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. 1889. p. 28). When he obtained it at the age of 17 and a half he went to Jena as a student in 1799. He later went to Yverdon. Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 4 Froebel attended the educate institute that was run by Johann Pestalozzi (Mann, H. , 1887).He attended the institute from 1808 to 1810. When Froebel left the instauration within the two years, he left with the basic principles that Pestalozzi apply for his theory. Those basic principles were, permissive school atmosphere, accent mark on nature, and object lesson (Froebel Web, 1998-2008). Froebel was raised to be very religious and because he was religious his view of pedagogics became religious. After the school in Yverdon Froebel went to the University of Gottingen in 1811, but then switched to the school in Berlin to study Mineralogy in 1812 (Froebel Web, 1998-2008). Froebel joined the Black Riflemen.In 1813 to 1814 , Froebel joined the Black Riflemen. He was in the Prussian army against forty winks (Froebel Web, 1998-2008). In the army against Napoleon is where he met two people. Their names were Heinrich Langentha and Wilhelm Middendorf. They ended up becoming friends whom support Froebel and remained with him throughout his lifetime (Froebel Web, 1998-2008). In 1826, Froebel wrote his first book called The Education of Man. It was one of the most important books that he wrote. In 1885, his book was translated into English. Many say this was his greatest work. In 1837, he opened his first kindergarten.Froebel moved to Bad Blankenburg (near Keilhau), where he opened his first kindergarten (capital of South Carolina, 2013). Froebel did not just open his first kindergarten. He was 58 years old when he created the first kindergarten. He became known as Father Kindergarten. In German, kindergarten marrow Childrens Garden (Braun & Edwards, 1972). Froebels kindergarten was created for younger chi ldren. He created his kindergarten for children ages three to seven. School back then started at age seven. His kindergarten is where he applied all of the knowledge that he gathered over many years from schooling or his own self-discovery.Froebel believed that children learned through variation. According to Froebel, when children recreateed Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 5 it was free expression of what is in a childs soul full-grown joy, freedom, contentment, inner and outer, rest, and peace with the human beings (Boyd, A. , n. d. ). Froebel incorporated plants into his school as well. Froebel stated Children are like flyspeck flowers, they are varied and need care, but each is beautiful alone and glorious when seen in the union of peers (Nichols, R. 2010). Froebel realized that each child is unique and each child may learn differently than another.Froebels philosophy revolved around three main ideas the unity of creation, respect for children as individu als, and the importance of play in childrens education (Braun & Edwards, 1972). All of Froebels ideas are shaped by his inherent touch sensation in the linking of man, and of nature and God. In 1847, Froebel took his idea of women being trained as teachers to an all male gathering where the subject and idea was evoked (Hewes, 1990. pp. 7-8).He was laughed at and ridiculed, but that never stopped him. Froebel in 1849 began training women to become kindergarten teachers. He believed that women would make a better teacher because womenwere the ones who raised the children in their homes. Froebels kindergarten teachers became more of guides rather than lecturers to the children (Nichols, R. 2010).Froebel created gifts that he thought would help children. Froebel created these gifts so that children could continue to learn through play. Froebel built blocks that were 1 inch cubes. He thought that the decorative blocks lacked a realistic view. Froebel believed that building with these blocks would help children progress from the stuff and nonsense to the abstract (LeBlanc, M. 2010).He also created gifts called occupations. Occupations wereobjects in which children would shape and manipulate freely using their own creativity, such as clay, sand, beads, and rope (Who Invented Kindergarten? , 2010). His classroom was set for individual development aimed towards each child. He had a garden where children could play and learn more about how plants worked.Froebel believed that children were like plants, such Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 6 as planting a seed and help it grow. They sprout and bloom to become something glorious one day. Froebel is so memorable that even in 2014 people still talk about his accomplishments.In2010, the University of the Incarnate Word (UIW) celebrated the 238th anniversary of Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebels birth. In Texas there were 14 teachers in 2006 that went to Germany. They visited every site and institution were F roebel lived and worked (Campos, D. , 2010. p. 74). Froebels philosophy is still alive today.Many schools in the world today still use Froebels philosophy. Many kindergartens use his curriculum to a point. He used free play, games, songs, stories, and crafts to stimulate their imagination while developing physical and take skills (Nichols, R. 2010). He also include mathematics.Schools today even with the change of technology, still have children play with Froebels gifts and believe in play with to learn, but many schools no longer allow religion to be taught. Children entering into kindergarten start at age 5-6 years old. From the time Froebel opened his first kindergarten in 1837, until he became ill and passed away at the age of 70 in 1852, more than 90 kindergartens were opened all throughout Germany (New World Encyclopedia, n. d. ). In conclusion, Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel was born on April 21, 1782. He had a terrible childhood that pushed him to become the person he is today.Froebel had a relationship with plants that flourished over many years. He became an apprentice for a forester in 1797. He went to multiple schools and self-taught himself. He went to multiple classes by Pestalozzi. He joined the Black Riflemen where he met his two lifelong friends named Heinrich Langentha and Wilhelm Middendorf. He moved to Bad Blankenburg where he opened his first kindergarten in 1837. He became known as Father Kindergarten. He created gifts that allowed children to build or even manipulate to all development of physical and motor skills. He is still known Running headFRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 7today for his philosophy and his development of kindergarten. Today teachers still use play as a way for children to learn by. References Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 8 Boyd, A. , (1988). Friedrich Froebel and Kindergarten. Retrieved from Engines of Our Ingenuity Web site http//www. uh. edu/engines/epi2475. htm Braun, S. J. , & Edwards, E. P. ( 1972). History and Theory of early Childhood Education. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing Company. Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel. (n. d. ). New World Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 29, 2014, from http//www. newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Friedrich_Wilhelm_August_Fr%C3%B6bel Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel. (2013). In Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (6th Ed. , Vol. 1). Retrieved July 10, 2014, from http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? diect=true&db=a9h&AN=39007863&authtype=cookie,cpid&custid=ns017336&site=ehost-live &scope=site Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) Biography, Froebels Kindergarten Philosophy, The Kindergarten curriculum, Diffusion of the Kindergarten. (1999). Retrieved July 29, 2014, from http//education. stateuniversity. com/pages/1999/Froebel-Friedrich-1782-1852. hypertext markup language Froebel, F. 1826 1887. The Education of Man.London Appleton Froebel Web (1998a). Froebel Timeline. Retrieved July 21, 2014, from http//www. froebelweb. org/webline. html Hewes, D . W. (1990). Historical foundations of early childhood tear training. The evolution of kindergarten teacher preparation. In B. Spodek, & O. N. Saracho (Eds. ), Early childhood teacher preparation (pp. 1-22). New York Teachers College Press.Running head FRIEDRICH FROEBEL RESEARCH ESSAY 9 LeBlanc, M. Friedrich Froebel His life and influence on education. Community Playthings. http//www. communityplaythings. co. uk/resources/articles/friedrich-froebel.html 21, Dec. 2010. Manning, J. P. (2005). Rediscovering Froebel A Call to Re-examine his behavior & Gifts. Early Childhood Education Journal, 32(6), 371-376. doi10. 1007/s10643-005-0004-8 Michaelis, E. & Moore, H. (1889). Autobiography of Friedrich Froebel. (pp. 1-30).Syracuse, n. y. C. W. Bardeen Nichols, R. Friedrich Froebel Founder of the First Kindergarten. HubPages. com. http//hubpages. com/hub/Friedrich-Froebel-Founder-of-the-First-Kindergarten 21 Dec. 2010. Who Invented Kindergarten? German Culture. com. http//www. germanc ulture. com/us/library/weekly/kindergarten. htm 21 Dec. 2010.