United States Dollar and Arbitrage Opportunity

5 Questions 2. What is the difference between the retail or client market and the wholesale or interbank market for foreign exchange? 3. Who are the market participants in the foreign exchange market? 5. What is meant by a currency trading at a discount or at a premium in the forward market? 6. Why does most interbank currency trading worldwide involve the U. S. dollar? 7. Banks find it necessary to accommodate their clients’ needs to buy or sell FX forward, in many instances for hedging purposes.How can the bank eliminate the currency exposure it has created for itself by accommodating a client’s forward transaction? 8. A CD/$ bank trader is currently quoting a small figure bid-ask of 35-40, when the rest of the market is trading at CD1. 3436-CD1. 3441. What is implied about the trader’s beliefs by his prices? 9. What is triangular arbitrage? What is a condition that will give rise to a triangular arbitrage opportunity? Problems 1. Using the American term quote s from Exhibit 5. , calculate a cross-rate matrix for the euro, Swiss franc, Japanese yen, and the British pound so that the resulting triangular matrix is similar to the portion above the diagonal in Exhibit 5. 6. 4. Restate the following one-, three-, and six-month outright forward European term bid-ask quotes in forward points. Spot1. 3431-1. 3436 One-Month1. 3432-1. 3442 Three-Month1. 3448-1. 3463 Six-Month1. 3488-1. 3508 8. A bank is quoting the following exchange rates against the dollar for the Swiss franc and the Australian dollar: SFr/$ = 1. 5960-70 A$/$ = 1. 7225-35An Australian firm asks the bank for an A$/SFr quote. What cross-rate would the bank quote? 9. Given the following information, what are the NZD/SGD currency against currency bid-ask quotations? American TermsEuropean Terms Bank QuotationsBidAskBidAsk New Zealand dollar . 7265 . 72721. 37511. 3765 Singapore dollar . 6135 . 61401. 62871. 6300 10. Doug Bernard specializes in cross-rate arbitrage. He notices the fo llowing quotes: Swiss franc/dollar = SFr1. 5971? $ Australian dollar/U. S. dollar = A$1. 8215/$ Australian dollar/Swiss franc = A$1. 1440/SFrIgnoring transaction costs, does Doug Bernard have an arbitrage opportunity based on these quotes? If there is an arbitrage opportunity, what steps would he take to make an arbitrage profit, and how would he profit if he has $1,000,000 available for this purpose. 11. Assume you are a trader with Deutsche Bank. From the quote screen on your computer terminal, you notice that Dresdner Bank is quoting â‚ ¬0. 7627/$1. 00 and Credit Suisse is offering SF1. 1806/$1. 00. You learn that UBS is making a direct market between the Swiss franc and the euro, with a current â‚ ¬/SF quote of . 6395.Show how you can make a triangular arbitrage profit by trading at these prices. (Ignore bid-ask spreads for this problem. ) Assume you have $5,000,000 with which to conduct the arbitrage. What happens if you initially sell dollars for Swiss francs? What â‚ ¬/SF price will eliminate triangular arbitrage? Operations Management Assignment 1 Due Date:1 April 2013 Q1. David Upton is president of Upton Manufacturing, a producer of Go-Kart tires. Upton makes 1000 tires per day with the following resources: Labor: 400 hours per day @ 12. 5 per hour Raw material: 20000 pounds per day @ $1 per poundEnergy: $5000 per day Capital cost: $10000 per day (a) What is the labor productivity per labor-hour for these tires at Upton Manufacturing? (b) What is the multifactor productivity for these tires at Upton Manufacturing? (c) What is the multifactor productivity if Upton can reduce the energy bill by $1000 per day without cutting production or changing any other inputs? Q2. The monthly sales for Telco Batteries, Inc. were as follows: Month Sales Jan 20 Feb 21 Mar 15 Apr 14 May 13 June 16 July 17 Aug 18 Sep 20 Oct 20 Nov 21 Dec 23 Forecast January Sales using each of the following: ) A 3 – month moving average b) A 6 – month weighted a verage using 0. 1, 0. 1, 0. 1, 0. 2, 0. 2 and 0. 3 with the heaviest weights applied to the most recent months. c) Exponential smoothing using an ? = 0. 3 and a September forecast of 18 d) A trend projection With the data given, which method would allow you to forecast next March sales? Q3. Income at the law firm Smith and Wesson for he period February to July was as follows: Month Feb Mar Apr May June July Income 70. 0 68. 5 64. 8 71. 7 71. 3 72. 8 (a) Use trend-adjusted exponential smoothing to forecast the law firm’s Aug income.Assume that the initial forecast for February is $65000, and the initial trend adjustment is 0. The smoothing constant selected are ? =0. 1, and ? = 0. 2. (b) Resolve the problem with ? =0. 1, and ? = 0. 8. (c) Compute the MAD and MAPE. Which forecasting, part (a) and part (b) performs better? Why? Q4. Attendance at Los Angeles’s newest Disneylike attraction, Vacation World, has been as follows: Quarter/year 2007 2008 2009 Winter 73 65 89 Spr ing 104 82 146 Summer 168 124 205 Fall 74 52 98 Compute seasonal indices using all of the data. United States Dollar and Arbitrage Opportunity 5 Questions 2. What is the difference between the retail or client market and the wholesale or interbank market for foreign exchange? 3. Who are the market participants in the foreign exchange market? 5. What is meant by a currency trading at a discount or at a premium in the forward market? 6. Why does most interbank currency trading worldwide involve the U. S. dollar? 7. Banks find it necessary to accommodate their clients’ needs to buy or sell FX forward, in many instances for hedging purposes.How can the bank eliminate the currency exposure it has created for itself by accommodating a client’s forward transaction? 8. A CD/$ bank trader is currently quoting a small figure bid-ask of 35-40, when the rest of the market is trading at CD1. 3436-CD1. 3441. What is implied about the trader’s beliefs by his prices? 9. What is triangular arbitrage? What is a condition that will give rise to a triangular arbitrage opportunity? Problems 1. Using the American term quote s from Exhibit 5. , calculate a cross-rate matrix for the euro, Swiss franc, Japanese yen, and the British pound so that the resulting triangular matrix is similar to the portion above the diagonal in Exhibit 5. 6. 4. Restate the following one-, three-, and six-month outright forward European term bid-ask quotes in forward points. Spot1. 3431-1. 3436 One-Month1. 3432-1. 3442 Three-Month1. 3448-1. 3463 Six-Month1. 3488-1. 3508 8. A bank is quoting the following exchange rates against the dollar for the Swiss franc and the Australian dollar: SFr/$ = 1. 5960-70 A$/$ = 1. 7225-35An Australian firm asks the bank for an A$/SFr quote. What cross-rate would the bank quote? 9. Given the following information, what are the NZD/SGD currency against currency bid-ask quotations? American TermsEuropean Terms Bank QuotationsBidAskBidAsk New Zealand dollar . 7265 . 72721. 37511. 3765 Singapore dollar . 6135 . 61401. 62871. 6300 10. Doug Bernard specializes in cross-rate arbitrage. He notices the fo llowing quotes: Swiss franc/dollar = SFr1. 5971? $ Australian dollar/U. S. dollar = A$1. 8215/$ Australian dollar/Swiss franc = A$1. 1440/SFrIgnoring transaction costs, does Doug Bernard have an arbitrage opportunity based on these quotes? If there is an arbitrage opportunity, what steps would he take to make an arbitrage profit, and how would he profit if he has $1,000,000 available for this purpose. 11. Assume you are a trader with Deutsche Bank. From the quote screen on your computer terminal, you notice that Dresdner Bank is quoting â‚ ¬0. 7627/$1. 00 and Credit Suisse is offering SF1. 1806/$1. 00. You learn that UBS is making a direct market between the Swiss franc and the euro, with a current â‚ ¬/SF quote of . 6395.Show how you can make a triangular arbitrage profit by trading at these prices. (Ignore bid-ask spreads for this problem. ) Assume you have $5,000,000 with which to conduct the arbitrage. What happens if you initially sell dollars for Swiss francs? What â‚ ¬/SF price will eliminate triangular arbitrage? Operations Management Assignment 1 Due Date:1 April 2013 Q1. David Upton is president of Upton Manufacturing, a producer of Go-Kart tires. Upton makes 1000 tires per day with the following resources: Labor: 400 hours per day @ 12. 5 per hour Raw material: 20000 pounds per day @ $1 per poundEnergy: $5000 per day Capital cost: $10000 per day (a) What is the labor productivity per labor-hour for these tires at Upton Manufacturing? (b) What is the multifactor productivity for these tires at Upton Manufacturing? (c) What is the multifactor productivity if Upton can reduce the energy bill by $1000 per day without cutting production or changing any other inputs? Q2. The monthly sales for Telco Batteries, Inc. were as follows: Month Sales Jan 20 Feb 21 Mar 15 Apr 14 May 13 June 16 July 17 Aug 18 Sep 20 Oct 20 Nov 21 Dec 23 Forecast January Sales using each of the following: ) A 3 – month moving average b) A 6 – month weighted a verage using 0. 1, 0. 1, 0. 1, 0. 2, 0. 2 and 0. 3 with the heaviest weights applied to the most recent months. c) Exponential smoothing using an ? = 0. 3 and a September forecast of 18 d) A trend projection With the data given, which method would allow you to forecast next March sales? Q3. Income at the law firm Smith and Wesson for he period February to July was as follows: Month Feb Mar Apr May June July Income 70. 0 68. 5 64. 8 71. 7 71. 3 72. 8 (a) Use trend-adjusted exponential smoothing to forecast the law firm’s Aug income.Assume that the initial forecast for February is $65000, and the initial trend adjustment is 0. The smoothing constant selected are ? =0. 1, and ? = 0. 2. (b) Resolve the problem with ? =0. 1, and ? = 0. 8. (c) Compute the MAD and MAPE. Which forecasting, part (a) and part (b) performs better? Why? Q4. Attendance at Los Angeles’s newest Disneylike attraction, Vacation World, has been as follows: Quarter/year 2007 2008 2009 Winter 73 65 89 Spr ing 104 82 146 Summer 168 124 205 Fall 74 52 98 Compute seasonal indices using all of the data.

Coffee and Starbucks Essay

Transnational corporations have had a tremendous impact on the interconnectivity that between countries, corporations, and people on a global landscape. Fueled by capitalistic ideals of increasing profits numerous corporations have expanded there operations into the global marketplace, some with much more success than others. One such transnational corporation that has embodied this pursuit of expansion in domestic and foreign markets for profit is the Starbucks Coffee Company. This company, which finds its roots in the opening of a single retail location in Pike place Market of Downtown Seattle in 1971, has been able to infiltrate into countless foreign domains and grow into a global powerhouse of the food and beverage industry with over nine thousand stores across the globe today in thirty-four countries outside of the Unites States. (Business Wire, 2005) Starbucks serves is an excellent specimen of a company that follows continual patterns of expansion directly correlating to increased access to foreign markets, and also the ability to nurture growth within these markets as well as gain access to new markets through the Market merging. In my research of this company and its path to globalization, I found that information about certain aspects of the company were more readily available than others. For example, I found that I had more difficulty finding scholarly articles that dealt with the distinct business strategies that Starbuck’s employed in order to globalize, in that it became apparent that much of the information about the terms of their mergers and acquisitions were not released or that the companies and business groups that they did so with had websites that contained no information in English. Interestingly enough, I found more of an abundance of scholarly material on the homogeneous cultural impacts that Starbucks has had and how the spread of the company’s locations worldwide has been received by some cultures as the spread of American values. A bulk of my research findings came from business reports and releases about the company, which were useful in keeping accounts of how the company was able to infiltrate global markets and expand. The Website was a good starting point for my research in that it provided points of interest about the company that I could research into greater detail in order to root out the bigger picture. In order for one to have a more complete understanding of how this company operates and how it has come to succeed at a global level, I will outline the company’s geographic expansion in terms of its operations and production; second, I will explain the company’s main motivation for global expansion as well as factors that had an effect on the expansion; lastly I will detail the methods of expansion and production employed by the company. These will all be discussed within the time frame from present day back to 1996, when Starbucks first became a global corporation. (Starbucks. com) Of the nine thousand locations Starbucks has worldwide, over two thousand of those are outside of the United States in thirty four different countries. (Sowa, June 2004) The expansion of retail stores into foreign countries began with a joint venture with Sazabay Inc. in Japan in 1995, and then the eventual opening of retail locations within the country during the following year. (starbucks. com) This was the first time Starbucks ever set up operations outside of the US, and it was in the form of construction of the Starbuck brand retail store locations operated by a foreign company. Starbucks entered the East Asian Market first, in countries such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines, and China, and concentrated on growth in these markets mainly for the first few years of entering the foreign market. Eventually, Starbucks was able to break into other markets as well, such as Australia, London, and New Zealand amongst others year after year until its present standing of 34 countries in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific Rim with retail locations that exists today in 2005. (Business Wire, Feb 2005) Within these countries, retail operations were set up at first just primarily in areas with the densest population. (Ramsey, Mar. 1997) However, as the market for the Starbuck’s Brand continually increased, the locations throughout the countries would increase and fan out from the city centers. This can be seen in the example of Japan, whom after 5 years operations had opened 300 stores by the year 2000. (starbucks.com) The primary raw material that Starbucks purchases and uses in terms of production is coffee beans. Coffee beans grow in regions near the equator, where the climate is suitable to sustain their growth. It follows that Starbucks purchases all of its beans from countries in South America, Africa, and Asia. Coffee beans that Starbucks import come from regions near the equator, such as South America, Africa, and Asia (Starbucks. com). Basically, the beans that are grown in these countries are purchased by the company to be roasted or packaged in all of its 9000 locations worldwide. However, Starbucks is not the only buyer when it comes to the bean supply as numerous other coffee retail companies rely on these farms as well, which places Starbucks as part a modular model commodity chain. The production of a generic commodity such as coffee beans allows for that commodity to be purchased by numerous companies without any affiliation or necessary interconnectivity between them. Starbucks reasoning for their initial expansion domestically in the United States as well as into the foreign Market place was centered on the basic capitalistic need for increase in profits, as well as the promotion of free trade from a neo-liberalist standpoint. Looking back to Starbuck’s early domestic expansion, it can be noted that just prior to addition of retail operations in Japan in 1996, there had been signs of a retraction of sales and growth, even with the addition of new retail locations domestically in the United States. There were signs of slowing in the US, one such being that comparable store sales, up 9 percent in 1995, were up 7 percent in 1996 and 5 percent approaching the following year. (Ramsey, Mar. 1997) These numbers indicate that it was becoming evident that in order to further sustain growth and high profit margins; Starbucks could achieve gains and benefit from free trade by setting up operations abroad. There are certain social contexts which provide commentary on the manner in which Starbucks was able to globalize. Especially that of the company’s abilities to access markets from cultural and political standpoints. In order to bridge the culture gap between markets, Starbucks must follow three basic steps; first, it must engage in prospecting the local culture and its nuances; second, it must access the market conditions and the potential response to their presence; and lastly they make or don’t make the decision to mobilize (Santos 2004). All this is considered with the fact that they are marketing a product in not only the coffee but in the retail location itself, in that Starbucks attempts to blend an Italian style beverage with a highly European influenced coffee house setting (Santos 2004), which is something that has to be marketed correctly in order to effectively find its niche in a foreign market setting. This marketing schematic sheds light on the purpose in placing global operations in East Asia in the late 90’s before breaking into the European market due to a feared negative response to an American global presence in what had always been a highly saturated European local market. There was also a strong potential that the War in Afghanistan and later Iraq would have a devastating effect on growth and sales in the foreign market. There were some signs of this seen in April of 2003, when Starbucks was being heavily protested and boycotted in Lebanon and New Zealand, and was forced to pull operations out of Israel for fear of terrorist attacks. Despite these setbacks, however, it remained that Starbucks International persevered in revenues, according to Greg Schroeder, a research analyst with Fulcrum Global Partners LLC, who stated â€Å"Starbucks’ popularity persists even in an economic downturn and during the war is an undeniably impressive feat as other retailers are struggling. † (Jung, 2003) Starbucks maintained strong development during this period, and continued to open stores and form partnerships in Turkey, Chile, and Peru (Starbucks.com) despite facing political tensions created by Starbucks national affiliation with the United States. Market access brought Starbucks to the foreign domain but how they were actually able to break into these markets came in the form of some key business strategies. Starbucks used a few basic strategies in order to gain access to a particular foreign market which was joint ventures, acquisitions, and licensing. Two specific examples include Starbucks’ acquisition of the Seattle Coffee Company in the United Kingdom with more than 60 retail locations in 1998(Starbucks.com) , and the joint venture Starbucks formed with Sazaby Inc in 1995. The acquisition of the Seattle Coffee company basically allowed Starbucks to renovate each retail location previously owned by the company and to put the Starbucks name on each location as well. Another different but successful strategy employed in Japan was that of the joint venture with Sazaby Inc. This partnership gave Sazaby Inc. the right to develop and operate coffeehouses throughout a defined region. The rationale behind both of these types of partnerships is explained by Peter Maslen, president of Starbucks Coffee International, who states, â€Å"The idea is that an experienced local partner can help identify locations, sift through tax issues, and give Starbucks stores more community appeal. â€Å"(Jung, Apr. 2003 p. E1) This allows Starbucks to continue to expand into other markets knowing that operations elsewhere are in the hands of carefully chosen partners and business groups who are able effectively read and access the climate of their targeted region’s market. The employees, CEOs, and other workers all have an integral part in this corporation’s ability to globalize. Starting at the level of both full as well as part time employees which facilitate the day-to-day functions of the retail locations in each of the 34 countries that Starbucks operates in, we can see that they receive a fair amount of benefits; including above-average hourly-wages, a comprehensive health benefit plan, and stock options. (Sancovich, 2002) Increased development and growth will fair well for those with stock in the company, including employees at the retail level. If the scope is broadened however, a very large gap exists between employees at the corporate level and those who produce the raw materials(coffee beans) that the company modulates into packaged or roasted coffee sales. It should be noted that Starbucks prides itself on the sale of Fair Trade Coffee in its stores to benefit the farmers that supply their coffee beans, which certifies that growers and farmers would receive a premium price above the prevailing market price for the sale of the coffee beans they produce (Starbucks. com). It should also then be noted that, according to an author in the ecologist, Starbucks advertises the fact that it bought 1. 1 million pounds of coffee last year at fair trade prices ($1. 27 per pound). This represents less than 0. 5 per cent of the coffee Starbucks buys each year. Fair trade is also highly profitable. While Starbucks pays $1. 27 per pound for fair-trade coffee, one pound of that coffee sells for $11. 45. That’s a 90 per cent mark-up (The Ecologist, Vol. 33, p. 22, 2003) The fact that Starbucks buys Fair Trade coffee in actuality does little to benefit the farmers who grow their beans. Another notable feature of the relationship between the owners, employees, and farmers is the overall disparity between employees at the corporate level and those employed to grow coffee beans, Millions of coffee farmers survive on less than $2 a week. Orin C Smith, Starbucks’ president and CEO, was paid $1,088,269 in 2002, and received a bonus of L1,362,500. Exercising share options in the company made him a further $36,321,643. He stands to make around $8. 5m more on share options granted in 2002. (The Ecologist, Vol. 33, p. 22, 2003) The economic disparity between wages is a direct result of the practices Starbucks engages in, such as markups. The farmers, as well as the retail employees would gain from the continued global development of the company, in that higher demand for coffee would increase the price of coffee for farmers and stock options would benefit regular employees, but would do so to an exponentially smaller degree than the employees at the corporate level of operations.

Introduction Apple, Inc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduction Apple, Inc - Research Paper Example was incorporated on January 3, 1977,  in  Cupertino, California (About-apple.com, 2015). In December 1980, Apple went public by launching an Initial Public Offering (IPO). The IPO was a smashing hit and raised more money than any other IPO since Ford Motor Company’s IPO in 1956. Many of Apple’s employees became instant millionaires by virtue of their stock options (Deffree, 2014). In January, 1984, Steve Jobs unveiled the Macintosh, a computer equipped with graphical user interface. A strained relationship with John Sculley, the then CEO, led to Steve Job’s resignation from Apple Computer, Inc. in 1985 (Siegel, 2011). Apple Computer, Inc. did not fare well after Jobs departure and the company nearly collapsed. It reported one of its worst financial performances in the last quarter of 1996 and the initial phase of 1997. The top management decided to bring back Steve Jobs (Hemert, 2010). Thereafter, there has been no looking back for the company. Apple Computers launched a series of immensely successful products including the iPod in 2001, iPhone in 2007 and iPad in 2010. Since the company expanded its product portfolio, Apple Computer, Inc. was renamed Apple, Inc. in January 2007 (Honan, 2007). As of today, Apple, Inc. is a well-renowned name in the world of consumer electronics, personal computers and software (Apple, 2015). Deffree, S. (2014). Apple IPO makes instant millionaires, December 12, 1980.  EDN Network. Retrieved from http://www.edn.com/electronics-blogs/edn-moments/4403276/Apple- IPO-makes-instant-millionaires--December-12--1980 Hemert, K. (2010).  25 Years Ago Today, Steve Jobs Left Apple.  Gizmodo. Retrieved 20 February 2015, from

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods Assignment

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods - Assignment Example The dissertation will use varied ways of collecting data from a structured perspective under quantitative methodology. This may include the use of questionnaires, psychometric tests, experiments, interviews, sampling, and observations. Questionnaires and interviews: These data collection methods are effective because they enable the researcher to gather adequate information and measure the views or opinions of many respondents. Therefore, it has a limited effect on its reliability and validity since the researcher can pack the enriched explanations and it can untangle complex research problems. Experiments: This method is effective because it will enable the researcher to produce causality statements by using controlled experiments. It is reliable and sound effects because the researcher replicates dependent information. He or she is able to control the experiments; thus offering unambiguous answers to the research question. Sample survey: This method is vital because the researcher will employ design method that will enable him or her to cover a wider area within the controlled population. It is reliable and sound effects because it saves time and narrows the research design. Observations: This data collection method is significant because it provides first-hand information, which is not biased. It is reliable and genuine because the data collected is original and is not subjected to any changes since the observer directly collects it. The dissertation will use qualitative research methods in order to inquire and understand the social or human problem from diverse perspectives, and the research study is carried out in the established settings. It also entails construction of a multifaceted and holistic image of the interesting phenomenon.

Biochemistry lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Biochemistry - Lab Report Example Paper chromatography is mainly used for separation of molecules and consists of cellulose with hydrophilic characteristics. The rate of movement of biomolecules depends on the affinity of the molecule and the solvent with hydrophobic molecules moving faster than the hydrophilic due to the little attraction of the molecule to the hydrophilic paper. Paper chromatography helps in the characterization of amino acids due to the different rates of movement of the amino acids on the chromatographic paper. Additionally, the different amino acids move at different rates on the chromatographic paper due to the differences in the size of the side chains. The rate at which a biomolecule moves on the chromatographic paper is expressed as its relative mobility (Rf). A mobile phase for use in the chromatography was prepared by mixing 60cm3 of ethanenitrile (acetonitrile) with 40cm3 of 0.1M ammonium ethanoate. Drops of concentrated ethanoic acid were used to adjust the pH value to 7.2 after which 30cm3 of this mixture was placed in a tall form beaker and cover it with a watch-glass. Small amounts of trypsin, leucine, valine, proline, glutamic acid, glycine and lysine amino acid solutions were prepared in water and each amino acid labelled. A faint line was drawn using a pencil on the lantern-type chromatography paper making sure that the line was above the level of the solvent in the beaker. Using a clean capillary tube each time, one small spot of each amino acid solution was put on the chromatography paper and each spot identifies and marked. An unknown sample was also spot on the paper and marked. The spots were dried using a warm air blower. The chromatographic paper was then bent around the cylinder and fixed in this shape using a paperclip. The chromatographic paper was then placed inside the beaker so that it stood on the edge without touching the sides and the chromatogram run until the solvent front moved three quarter way in the

Different Forms of Political Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Different Forms of Political Systems - Essay Example The present research has identified that direct democracy refers to democracy where each resident in a state has an equivalent right to participate in the government’s workings. However, in a representative democracy, the citizens elect their representatives who then make the laws. In a democracy, both the leaders and the citizens have power in running the government. The leader (representative) of a state has the power of making major decisions that are cultivated by the citizens. Citizens have the power of electing a representative of their choice and airing their views, opinions, and wishes for the implementation of the constitution and other government workings. There is no person with absolute power in democracy as the leaders and the citizens have almost the same rights in power. The citizens can nullify the election if a leader is deemed unfit by filing a petition in a court of law to stop him or her from leading. Thus, representatives in a democratic political system d o not have full power over citizens. On the other hand, totalitarianism refers to a political system where the government has total authority over its citizens in a state and controls their public and private lives where possible. The ruler of a state also has absolute power over his or her citizens. He or she tends to impose full authority and administration in every aspect of the citizen’s lives. The government in such a political system controls the citizens by using propaganda, terror and technological means to track down unsuspecting citizens to abide by the demands of the government. Totalitarianism is divided into two categories: right-wing and left-wing totalitarianism. â€Å"Nazism† and â€Å"Fascism† evolved from right-wing totalitarianism whereas â€Å"Communism† evolved from left-right totalitarianism. Right-wing totalitarianism draws its support mainly from middle classes to seek the maintenance of the economic and social status quo. However, left-wing totalitarianism has developed from working-class movements to seek elimination of class distinctions. In essence, right-wing totalitarianism propagates the private ownership of industrial wealth by supporting the middle class.

How do various societies construct gender identities,sexual practices Essay

How do various societies construct gender identities,sexual practices and gendered bodies - Essay Example Anthropologists are primarily concerned with finding solutions to human problems. They eventually have to create a body of knowledge so as to be better placed to tackle human problems and devise appropriate solutions. Anthropologists are usually trained in one of four areas, one of which is socio-cultural anthropology. This area of interest explores social patterns coupled with cultural practices. When one dives into the mechanics of society workings, certain features are common to each and every community. In connection to this, there also exist differences in characteristics, traditions and customs. This article will endeavor to expound on such differences, however, the focus will be on gender identities, sexual practices and gendered bodies. With this goal in mind, five articles will be analyzed so as to quench the thirst on these three factors. Analysis Gender identity is the classification of one as either male or female. It is how an individual sees himself or herself. It is th e apparent manifestations that result from the personality of an individual. It has the ability to reflect on ones gender identity. Gender identity is self identified and results from intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Many at times gender identity can be confused with gender roles. The latter denotes behavior manifested by factors acquired through observation; this can be exemplified by behavior and appearance. Thus, the gender role is often an outward expression of a person’s gender identity.... Many physical sports are considered the bed play for men. As such, men view sports as a male’s only endeavor. This ought to be regarded as male chauvinism (Eugenides, n.p.). The American society best exemplifies this by aligning sports with the male sex. Society has accepted the notion that the brazen nature of male dominated sports is proof enough that it should not be associated with women in any sense. This stereotypical approach has also been adopted by advertisers. A close look at the transformation of the advertisement from a decade ago gives elaboration on this issue. Society has, since the dawn of time, associated sports with the consumption of alcohol. There apparently seems to be something about the adrenalin that comes out of watching contact sports that stimulate the consumption of alcohol. To give assumptions why this is the case will be to indulge into the creation of conjectures without content. As such, this writer will refrain from such endeavors such wild end eavors. Advertisements created in the 1950s to 1960s depicted the consumption of alcohol to be a non bias activity, meaning that both male and female population was expected to partake in it equally. However, as time goes by it has emerged that sports and alcohol is now synonymous with the male gender. This clear alienation of women from the picture is quite a fact that the American society has adopted. Since the 1970s, alcohol has been regarded as the end reward of a day’s work (Messner 484). Apparently, women never perform a hard day’s work since men are the only ones who are worthy of this reward. The American male population seems to source their gender identity from the consumption of alcohol and watching of contact sports. To cement this fact, the men have and are

Book Report on No More Mondays by Dan Miller Essay

Book Report on No More Mondays by Dan Miller - Essay Example In the work of Dan Miller entitled No More Mondays, he discussed the ways and means to be able to improve the performance at work by changing the attitude toward the performance of the job. No more Mondays can then be translated as the dismissal of the attitude of a worker to dread Mondays. By the development of the positive mind-set towards work, a person can look forward to a new week of work instead of having a feeling of resentment towards it. For that matter, the Monday feeling can be eliminated. Miller proposed positive attitude towards work to be able to discard the negative feelings toward work. But prior to the said notion, the need to evaluate the work being performed by the person is of primary importance. This can be attributed to the fact that being dedicated in a certain job requires passion toward it. This can only be achieved if the person really loves the job that he/she has. This is where the importance of choosing a career and being in the career that one is passionate about comes in. Based on the book, it is more important to prioritize the job a person wants than choose the job on the basis of the salary. This can lead to a possible disappointment because of the high level of instability in the economic aspect of work and business. In addition, if the said attitude is undertaken there is great possibility that the person can feel the need to perform a particular work while considering the paycheck. This can be translated as being a slave to the salary and the money that can be received. Another important notion is the feeling of being stupid in the repetitive task that a person performs. This can only be translated as the feeling of being required and pushed through certain tasks without the feeling of innovativeness and creativeness. The said feelings can only be initiated if the worker can continuously improve himself/herself in the performance of the job. Also, such attitudes can

Philosophy of Economic Thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Philosophy of Economic Thought - Essay Example An examination of key contributions made by her research and related findings suggests that Dow has, additionally, played a pivotal role in the evolution of a new, more rigorous methodological approach to economics which dictates attention and respect for the emerging pluralistic notions which are omnipresent throughout the dual theories that comprise economic discourse and debate. Dow’s observations are, subsequently, as much descriptive as they are prescriptive toward the improvement and betterment of a study which maintains sociological relevance to the universal human condition. The following analysis shall highlight some of the key contributions made by Sheila Dow throughout the duration of the evolution of her thought on the topic of heterodox economics. Key Assumptions The evolution of Dow’s thoughts on economics begins with the formation and establishment of key assumptions concerning the human condition and its relation to the study of economics. As a heterodox economist, Dow is, first and foremost, very aware and interested in the orthodox theories which provide the foundation upon which newer, more innovative methodologies in the field of economics come to pass. However, Dow’s study of these theories has given rise to the formation of certain assumptions concerning the grander study of economics at large. First, it is shown that Dow understands all ontological theories to be ontological in nature, or, in layman’s terms, relating to the condition of one’s being or existence. This is, in part, because these theories all come from humans who maintain a certain awareness of their own existence and the relation that that condition plays to the outside world. Thus, Dow maintains that it is impossible for an economic theory to be objective because the very nature of a theory is value-based and therefore subjective (Dow, 2002). Dow states: â€Å"†¦ economics is dealing with human beings who function within a social sy stem† (p. 10). Therefore, it is difficult to presume that any single economic theory offers objectivity independent from the social system that gave birth to it. A second assumption which Dow comes to rely on in the formation of her further studies is that economics, as a study and, arguably (and at times) as a science, should be applied to real world scenarios. This assumption is built upon a general frustration with an economic ‘science’ whose diverging, pluralistic principles appear to adhere to an ‘anything goes’ methodology that starts with theory and ends with theory in a basic extrapolation of fantasy. She states: â€Å"We need to distinguish between a plurality of methodologies, or approaches, on the one hand and a methodology which advocates a plurality of methods on the other† (Dow, 2001a, p. 9). In this way Dow is advocating for a methodology which approaches the very real existence of pluralism within the field of economics with a m eticulous and ordered strategy of applying alleged theories to the real world. Dow’s second assumption is, admittedly and, perhaps, necessarily, mitigated by the first in that the overly-meticulous methodology which would hold a theory or concept to a mathematical benchmark might fail to entirely encompass the truth behind the

What is Epilepsy Essay Example for Free

What is Epilepsy Essay Background: Epilepsy is also referred to as seizure disorder; it is a chronic brain disorder that briefly interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain to cause seizures. These seizures can be characterized by a variety of symptoms including uncontrolled movements of the body, disorientation or confusion, sudden fear, or loss of consciousness. Epilepsy may be a result from a head injury, stroke, brain tumor, lead poisoning, or genetic conditions. An interesting fact about epilepsy is that in over 70 percent of the cases no cause has been identified. Did you know that about 1 percent of the world population, or over 2 million people, are diagnosed with epilepsy (Epilepsy Foundation)? Types and causes of Seizures: A person has a seizure when there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells. The discharge spreads to nearby cells, and the effect may be loss of consciousness, involuntary movements, or abnormal sensory phenomena. The effects of the seizure will depend on the location of the cells in which the discharge starts and how far the discharge spreads. Like stated before about 1 percent of the population is diagnosed with epilepsy but did you know that about 6 percent of the population will have a seizure in their lifetime? Most of that 6 percent of people will not be diagnosed with epilepsy because they do not have seizures on a constant basis. Since seizures reflect abnormal brain activity, it is not surprising that epilepsy is found in a greater amount in children with developmental disabilities (mental retardation or cerebral palsy) than those without a disability. Seizures can be caused by almost any kind of damage to the brain, the most common causes are; a lack of sufficient oxygen, low blood sugar, infections, and a physical trauma. But in 70 percent of epilepsy cases the cause is unknown. Even though the cause maybe unknown doctors still can treat patients with proper medication (Hallahan and Kauffman). Seizures may take many forms, and the best way to classify seizures is a matter that is up for debate among many individuals. However, educators should not that seizures may differ along at least the following dimensions: -Duration: The seizures may only last a few seconds or for several minutes. -Frequency: Seizures may occur as frequently as every few minutes in severe cases or only about once a year in minor cases. -Onset: They may be set off by certain identifiable stimuli or be unrelated to the environment, and they may be totally unexpected or be preceded by certain internal sensation Movements: they may cause major convulsive movements or only minor motor symptoms (eye blinking). -Causes: Seizures may be caused by a variety of conditions, including high fever, poisoning or head trauma. -Associated disabilities: Seizures may be associated with other disabling conditions or be unrelated to any other medical problem or disability. -Control: They may be controlled completely by drugs, so that the individual has no more seizures, or they may be only partially controlled. Educational Implications: Nearly half of all children with Epilepsy have average or higher intelligence, just the same as the general public. Although many children with epilepsy have other disabilities, some do not. Consequently, both general and special education teacher may expect to encounter children who have seizures. Besides medical advice regarding management of the childs particular seizure disorder, teachers should know first aid for epileptic seizures. Seizures are primarily a medical problem and require medical attention. Educators are called to deal with the problem in the following  ways: -Both General and special education teachers need to help dispel ignorance, superstition, and prejudice toward people who have seizures and provide calm management for the occasional seizure the child may have at school. -Special education teachers who work with students with severe developmental disabilities need to be prepared to manage more frequent seizures as will as to handle learning problems. The teacher should record the length of a childs seizure and the type of activity the child was engaged in before it occurred. This information will help physicians in diagnosis and treatment. If a student is being treated for a seizure disorder, the teacher, should know the type of medication and its possible side effects (Hallahan and Kauffman). Treatment: There is no cure for epilepsy but symptoms of the disorder may be treated with drugs, surgery, or a special diet. Drug therapy is the most common treatment, seizures can be prevented or their frequency lessened in 80 to 85 percent of cases by drugs known as anticonvulsants or antiepileptics. Surgery is used when drug treatments fail and the brain tissue causing the seizures is confined to one area and canbe safely removed. A special high-fat diet known as ketogenic diet produces a chemical condition in the body called ketosis that helps prevent seizures in young children. Like any other medical condition, epilepsy is affected by general health. Regualr exercise, plenty of rest, and efforts to reduce stress can all have a positive effect on a person with a seizure disorder. (Epilepsy Foundation). The Future: The things that I have learned when doing this project that will better help me when I became a teacher in the future is: that as a teacher you not only  need to know first aid but you can do the little things like making sure other students know what is going on so, they dont make fun of that particular student. I also learned that by knowing the childs medication and recording what they were doing when the seizure happened and how long is lasted could help give the student better treatment. Lastly, I learned that I shouldnt have an attitude such as I will never have one of these students in my class, the possibility to get one of these students in my class is real, and I will now be better prepared so if and when it happens I can help the student to the best of my abilities.

Role of an Effective Manager

Role of an Effective Manager Introduction In this assessment I discuss the critical analysis role of an effective manager, Kotter model, un model, interviews, interview relation with un model, our self-compare with un model, comparison of interviews and conclusion. Critical analysis role of an effective manager Managers play a number of roles in evolving organizations, including leader, negotiator, figurehead, liaison, and communicator. An administrator should be a decent pioneer. While an administrator sorts out and arranges, s/he should likewise move representatives with a dream for the association. An administrator should be a compelling mediator. At the point when associations are creating or experiencing change, the supervisor is regularly required to consult with contenders, temporary workers, providers, and representatives. A director must be a decent unknown who strengthens the mission and vision of an association to representatives, clients, and different partners. A supervisor should be a viable communicator and contact between workers, clients, and different directors of the association. Managers have an indispensable influence in an associations development and advancement. Authoritative development is a mind boggling process, especially in bigger associations with more dormancy. Associations are basically an assemblage of moving parts: persuading every person, with her/his one of a kind gifts and inspiration, to alter course at the same time (and in a similar heading) is to a great degree testing, and requires exceptionally successful supervisors with profoundly created relational abilities. Supervisors must accomplish more than acknowledge transform: they should encourage the transformative procedure. In these circumstances, associations require an administrator who can satisfy a few parts, including pioneer, arbitrator, nonentity, and communicator. In each of these parts, administrator will probably help workers through the change with the slightest conceivable number of contentions and issues. Kotters Change model There is much speculation about how do change. Many start with the teacher authority and administration change, John Kotter. An educator at Harvard Business School and widely acclaimed master of modification, change Kotter presents his eight stages in preparing his 1995 book, Driving change. We take a look at its eight stages to drive change below. Step 1: Create Urgency Step 2: Form a Powerful Coalition Step 3: Create a Vision for Change Step 4: Communication the Vision Step 5: Remove Obstacles Step 6: Create Short-Term Wins Step 7: Build on the Change Step 8: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture UN model PROFILE OF AN EFFECTIVE MANAGER For Managerial Excellence in the United Nations Presentation his profile characterizes successful administrative execution inside the setting of the Joined Nations. It depends on the suspicion that paying little respect to their level of obligation inside the association, the characterizing normal for viable man- agers is that they accomplish comes about, and that they do as such with the full engagement of a conferred and spurred staff or group of partners. the administrative viability show The model characterizes both what a viable supervisor does, and what he/she accomplishes. It considers figures that affect adequacy, counting the outside environment in which a supervisor works, his/her individual ability, culture and experience INTERVIEW QUESTIONS What business are/where you in? How long been working in this field? How successful was/is the business? How did you help this success of the business? What do you do when people start a job? What do you think makes a good manager? How do you improve yourself as a manager? Do you have any advice for someone going into management? DREW INTERVIEW 1. He is work for MG marketings they supply vegetables and fruit around the Waikato 2. He is working in mg from last 17 years. 3. They a crossed 7 digit business last year. 4. Make sure fresh food supply to vegetables shops and supermarkets. 5. He tells us firstly Induction, how we run, how to do jobs and first start from bottom. 6. Honest true explain the jobs keep on eye every body 7. He tell us he attend courses and seminars and by using communication skills. 8. He suggest look after your staff and good communication. ANALYSIS DREW INTERVIEW WITH UN MODEL I analysis the drew interview with un model and I noticed that drew is very good to organize the whole organization and manage the staff. He also has respect for diversity because in mg there are many workers belongs to different culture and country. He is believed in teamwork and good communication. PRIVINDA INTERVIEW She is working in cafe 7 days a week. She manages the staff and supplier. She is working over there from last 15 years. She tells us very successful business from few years. To run the business she did many changes, moving on and changes according to economic condition. She tells us when new staff start the job firstly did orientation program and induction etc. She thinks that to makes a good manager inspiration, motivation and team work are important. She improves our self as a manager by look forward and always learns from mistakes. She suggest that passion for what you doing, passion to lead and good communication skill. ANALYSIS PRIVINDA INTERVIEW WITH UN MODEL I analysis the Privinda interview with UN model and I analyzed that Privinda is very good to manage the staff and supplier. She believes in team work and decision making. She makes changes according to situation and economic condition. She also believes in creativity and innovation. Comparison our self with UN model Values explanation Integrity 6 Professionalism 7 Respect for diversity 9 Emotional Competence Self-awareness 6 Self confidence 6.5 Emotional self-control 3 Conscientiousness 6 Optimism 6.5 Achievement orientation 7 Empathy 8 Discretion 7 Conceptual competence Use of concepts 6 System thinking 6.5 Pattern recognition 7 Technical / substances competence Knowledge and information 7 Knowledge and network 6 Knowledge sharing 7.5 Coaching and developing others 6.5 Continuous learning and development 7 Page 7 Managing people Communication 6.5 Team work 7 Motivation 6 Managing individual performance 7 Managing actions and change Action and change management 6 Decision making 5.5 Creativity and innovation 5 Client orientation 7 Results orientation 8 Managing across organizational boundaries Organizational awareness 6,5 Building networks and alliances 7 Influencing 6 Reflection on interview I felt excited and I saw many similarities and differences. According to my point of view managers knowledge depends upon our field and experience. I learn lot of things after these interviews like who we become a good manger and success keys. Next time I would like to add some more questions and more professionally. Comparison of Interviews Similarities: first similarity is both managers advocate the team work, honesty and humbleness. Difference: both managers have different type of experience and knowledge related to our field. I noticed that body language of both managers is different. What I would do next time? It is my first interview and I learn lots of things after these interviews. I felt that I have shortage of basic question so, In my next interview I would like to add some more questions and be professionally. CONCLUSION In this assessment I discussed and critically analysis the role of an effective manager, kotter model, UN model, drew and privinda interview and also analysis with UN model compare our self with UN model, self-reflection, compare and contrast and what I would like to do next time. I learn the lot of things that are very helpful to become a good manager. References Source: Boundless. The Role of the Manager in an Evolving Organization. Boundless Management Boundless, 31 May. 2016. Retrieved 08 Jan. 2017 Â   https://hr.un.org/sites/hr.un.org/files/Profile%20of%20an%20Effective%20Manager_0.pdf

The Targeting strategy :: Business and Management Studies

The Targeting strategy Data strategy paper The business that I am going to examine is a typical business to consumer type dealing with music related product sales and distribution directly to customers (direct sell). All music is an e-commerce site that provides a large inventory of musical genres. It has a user friendly search engine to explore the huge music database of the site. It provides advanced searching methods that help the user to explore the database according to mood, genre, song and album title. All music provides moreover to the user an extra service that can give him/her the opportunity to become a registered member of the site (free) in order to gain specific information concerning: special prices, offers, music information according to his/her preferences, advanced search, expanded artist information (credits, songs), editorial features as well as the ability to listen audio samples (30 second duration) before purchasing the record. Moreover it uses a 5 star album rating system with 5 being the best rating in order to assist the customer about the specific release. Target Group The Targeting strategy that All music utilizes is based on market segmentation in order to collect and manipulate current and prospective buyers into groups (segments) that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action. Our target group comprised on:  · Age Primarily males and females aged 18-30 years  · Lifestyle Customers that like to purchase musical products such as cd-albums, t-shirts, music accessories as well as musical concerts. * Location Living in Western Europe and America and can be able to perform credit card transactions. The main reason that All music focus more on those areas is due to the fact that the specific customers (from statistical information): 1) Perform on-line transactions via credit card on a daily basis(have proper knowledge of the internet technology) 2) Affluent target groups that are affordable to pay for music downloads and cd-purchases charged by record labels via the internet. Data element The data that should be maintained in the specific marketing database should be: * Customer ID  · Customer name * Country * Customer gender * Customer age * Occupation * Customer marital status * Customer address * Customer telephone(or cell phone) * Customer email * Customer search history * Financial information  · Preferred genre  · Prospect customer Source(where will All music get the data sources?) All music should use information concerning the data sources both external and internal. Examining the external data all music will get the data elements with the use of a combined approach of compiled and response data in order to identify the source of information. To be more specific through compiled data All music will collect from

Essays --

BC, which also won the Pulitzer Prize in 1979, is one of the plays which he dedicated to his father Sam, who was in the military during World War II in Shepard’s early childhood years. Samuel Shepard Rogers III, born November 5th 1943 in Fort Sheridan, Illinois, is the oldest of three children. He was nicknamed Steve, since his name came down through seven generations of men. He then changed his name into Sam Shepard. (Sparr, 6) His play has been influenced by his personal life, especially by his father. In his play, the men are all alcoholics and bound to the darker side. Shepard lived in a family filled with aggression, where the men around him were mostly violent alcoholics. (Lahr, 27) Alcoholism goes far back in his life, to the point where he cannot remember one single sober man . (Howe, 14) Thinking about his father, he believes that he owes his father a large part of his identity and his damage. Shepard remembers that his father lost his farm in Duarte, after he starte d drinking, in order to forget his ruined life. (Lahr, 30) This can be put into comparison with Dodge not bei...

Aipotu II Lab Report Essay

Newman Fermentation is the chemical process converting sugar to gases and occurs in yeast and bacteria. In the experiment we conducted, we used sucrose and yeast and measured the fermentation carbon dioxide formation. The factors affecting fermentation that we tested in this experiment were temperature and the effect of a disinfectant. We measured the fermentation carbon dioxide formation by using a ruler and measuring the amount of bubbles in the tube that were formed. To conduct this experiment, we used 5 grams of sugar and 2 grams of yeast, but only used half of each for both experiments, so 2. grams of sugar and 1 gram of yeast for testing the effect of temperature and 2. 5 grams of sugar and 1 gram of yeast for testing the effect of a disinfectant. We then mixed each beaker with 50 mL of water and stirred to fully dissolve the sugar and yeast. Then we used a 10 cc syringe and filled it up and put it in the fermentation tube and then added an additional 5 cc’s of the sugar/yeast solution to the tube. We then sealed the tube with a piece of parafllm and placed it into a water temperature of 10 degrees Celsius and recorded the time that we put them in. We then repeated that procedure but each ime putting the tubes into 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 degrees Celsius water. After 5- minute intervals, up to 20 minutes, we measured the amount of carbon dioxide formed in the fermentation tubes by using a ruler and measuring the amount of millimeters of carbon dioxide was produced. To test the variable of how a disinfectant affected the amount of fermentation, we repeated that procedure except instead of putting each fermentation tube into a certain temperature of water, we used the same temperature of water but each tube had a different amount of bleach in it. We put O drops of bleach in the first one and increased by 2 drops of bleach very tube, ending up with 10 drops in the sixth fermentation tube. We monitored the amount of fermentation, again with a ruler, every 5 minutes but only up to 15 minutes. What we found in this experiment was that fermentation occurred the most at about 50 degrees Celsius. There was 72 mm of carbon dioxide that we had measured at 50 degrees Celsius. We found that as the temperature got warmer, there was more fermentation until we hit 60 degrees Celsius and that dropped to 60 mm of fermentation. When we shared our results with other groups, they also said that fermentation occurred the most at 50 and 60 degrees Celsius for them. When we experimented with the effect of the disinfectant, we mostly found that bleach kills the fermentation ability. We did conduct two trials of the experiment and found a dramatic difference, but my group and I think that we found what was the factor that affected that. In the first trial, we found the most fermentation with no bleach in the fermentation tube and the least fermentation with 8 drops in the tube, which we thought would happen in the tube with 10 drops. There was 74 mm of carbon dioxide in the tube with no bleach in it and the 1 mm of carbon dioxide in the tube with 10 mm ot carbon dioxide. During our second trial, our results were so much ditterent than the first. Again we found the most fermentation with no bleach and the least amount of fermentation in each tube with 2, 4, 6, and 8 drops of bleach and then 2 mm of fermentation in the tube with 10 drops. The reason that we believe the results were so much different was the height of the water level. We all noticed after we conducted the experiment and realized the measurements were a lot different that the water was much lower than the first experiment that we conducted and that lead us to think that’s why the results were so different.

Gun Violence in America Research Paper

Since 1982, at least sixty-two mass shootings have occurred, thirty-two of them since 2006. (Aronsen). Jared Loughner was sentenced to life in prison after shooting nineteen people in January of 2011. Last July, fifty-eight people were shot and twelve killed while watching the new Batman movie in a theater in Colorado. In December, twenty-six people were murdered, including twenty first-graders, in a Connecticut elementary school (Follman). The issue of gun violence only becomes relevant after a horrific event such as these, then fades from public concern after about two weeks.The number of injuries and murders using guns in the United States is a large number, which can hopefully be lowered by implementing statewide, or even nationwide gun buyback programs, stricter carrying permit laws, and making it harder for the mentally unstable and convicted felons to legally obtain guns.HISTORY/BACKGROUNDThe argument for or against gun control has been an ongoing battle since the beginning of the nation. The Second Amendment gives people the â€Å"right to bear arms.† When arguing for this Amendment, the factor that is not considered is that it was made so one could protect their person in case of an emergency. There was no police force when this law was created; therefore it was almost every man for himself, the people protected themselves. Now the police force is incredibly large, and is always patrolling the streets to make sure all is well and everyone is safe. Carrying a small handgun in one’s car is reasonable, but is keeping ten different models of machine guns and semi-automatic rifles at home just for fun?PRODUCTION/OWNERSHIPEvery year, eight million small firearms and ten to fifteen billion rounds of ammunition are manufactured worldwide. Over eight hundred and seventy-five million firearms are in possession in the world, and 75% belong to the people (Alpers). In the United States, approximately 6. 1 million guns are produced each year and there is a ratio of 89 guns to every 100 people (â€Å"Firearms Death Rate per 100,000 by State, statehealthfacts. org†). According to a Gallup poll, the majority of gun owners possess guns for three main purposes: 67% for self-defense, 66% for target shooting, and 62%for hunting (Velasco). If one decides to own guns, they should be kept locked up safely in a private place, so there is not easy access for children in the household or someone incapable of properly operating a firearm.ARMED FELONS/MENTALLY UNSTABLEIn 2005, Erik Zettergren shot Jason Robinson in the head for attempting to have sex with his wife. He then forced Robinson’s fiancà ©e to assist him in dragging his dead body to the river for disposal. Zettergren was a man with a history of mental health problems, and was a convicted felon who had his rights to possess a gun barred.Two months before the murder, a judge reinstated his rights without even holding a hearing (Luo). Felons commit 90% of all gun crimes, y et most of their rights are given back with little or no review. Juveniles and the mentally unbalanced primarily carry out the remainder of the crimes (Kates Jr. ). A German Neurologist claims he has found the â€Å"dark patch† of killer’s brains that is associated with wicked behavior. He classifies these people into three groups. The first he classifies as ‘psychologically healthy,' people who grow up in an environment where it is ‘OK to beat, steal and murder'.The second type is the mentally disturbed criminal who looks at his world as threatening. The third group is pure psychopaths, a group in which tyrants such as Hitler and Stalin belong. (Hall)WILL IT SOLVE ANYTHING?Over thirty-eight thousand people use guns to commit suicide each year. If the guns are taken away from them, they will just find another way to kill themselves. Suicide is a problem that can’t really be solved. On the other hand, guns are also used to kill over eleven thousand pe ople a year (Becker).Again, if the guns are taken away, murderers will find other methods to kill, but if they aren’t using guns, there hopefully won’t be as many deaths. If a man goes into a building with a gun, he can kill an almost unlimited number of people, but if he only has a knife, for example, it’s going to take a lot longer to kill that many people by the time help arrives.ANTI-GUN ORGANIZATIONSOne of the most famous anti-gun organizations is the Brady Campaign, established in 1974, which has played a major role in the control of guns.Their main goal is to make it more difficult for convicted felons, the mentally unstable, and other such people to obtain guns (â€Å"About Us: History of the Brady Campaign†). They presented the Brady Act, passed in 1993, which would â€Å"impose a waiting period of up to five days for the purchase of a handgun, and subjects purchasers to a background check† (â€Å"Brady Act†). Since the imposition o f this act, over one hundred million background checks have been conducted, and more than seven hundred thousand attempted purchases have been denied (â€Å"National Instant Criminal Background Check System†).Another major group is the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence, or the CSGV. Their mission statement is â€Å"The Coalition to Stop Gun Violence seeks to secure freedom from gun violence through research, strategic engagement and effective policy advocacy. † They are composed of forty-seven national organizations, including religious and social justice organizations, child welfare advocates, and public health professionals. This diversity allows them to reach a wide variety of grassroots in the world (â€Å"About Us – Coalition to Stop Gun Violence†).CONCLUSIONIf people like teachers had carrying permits, they could keep a gun locked up in the classroom, so if a person with a gun comes bursting through the door and threatens to shoot people, or does shoot someone, the teacher can run to grab the gun, and protect the lives of all the children and him/herself. Through further investigation, it has been found that the gun murder rate can be lowered through proper enforcement of carrying permit laws, better help for the mentally unbalanced, and increased gun buybacks. Gun Violence in America Research Paper Since 1982, at least sixty-two mass shootings have occurred, thirty-two of them since 2006. (Aronsen). Jared Loughner was sentenced to life in prison after shooting nineteen people in January of 2011. Last July, fifty-eight people were shot and twelve killed while watching the new Batman movie in a theater in Colorado. In December, twenty-six people were murdered, including twenty first-graders, in a Connecticut elementary school (Follman).The issue of gun violence only becomes relevant after a horrific event such as these, then fades from public concern after about two weeks. The number of injuries and murders using guns in the United States is a large number, which can hopefully be lowered by implementing statewide, or even nationwide gun buyback programs, stricter carrying permit laws, and making it harder for the mentally unstable and convicted felons to legally obtain guns.HISTORY/BACKGROUNDThe argument for or against gun control has been an ongoing battle since the beginning of the nation. The Second Amendment gives people the â€Å"right to bear arms.† When arguing for this Amendment, the factor that is not considered is that it was made so one could protect their person in case of an emergency. There was no police force when this law was created; therefore it was almost every man for himself, the people protected themselves. Now the police force is incredibly large, and is always patrolling the streets to make sure all is well and everyone is safe. Carrying a small handgun in one’s car is reasonable, but is keeping ten different models of machine guns and semi-automatic rifles at home just for fun?PRODUCTION/OWNERSHIPEvery year, eight million small firearms and ten to fifteen billion rounds of ammunition are manufactured worldwide. Over eight hundred and seventy-five million firearms are in possession in the world, and 75% belong to the people (Alpers). In the United States, approximately 6.1 million guns are produced each year and there i s a ratio of 89 guns to every 100 people (â€Å"Firearms Death Rate per 100,000 by State, statehealthfacts.org†).According to a Gallup poll, the majority of gun owners possess guns for three main purposes: 67% for self-defense, 66% for target shooting, and 62%  for hunting (Velasco). If one decides to own guns, they should be kept locked up safely in a private place, so there is not easy access for children in the household or someone incapable of properly operating a firearm.ARMED FELONS/MENTALLY UNSTABLEIn 2005, Erik Zettergren shot Jason Robinson in the head for attempting to have sex with his wife. He then forced Robinson’s fiancà ©e to assist him in dragging his dead body to the river for disposal. Zettergren was a man with a history of mental health problems, and was a convicted felon who had his rights to possess a gun barred. Two months before the murder, a judge reinstated his rights without even holding a hearing (Luo). Felons commit 90% of all gun crimes, yet most of their rights are given back with little or no review. Juveniles and the mentally unbalanced primarily carry out the remainder of the crimes (Kates Jr.).A German Neurologist claims he has found the â€Å"dark patch† of killer’s brains that is associated with wicked behavior. He classifies these people into three groups. The first he classifies as ‘psychologically healthy,' people who grow up in an environment where it is ‘OK to beat, steal and murder'. The second type is the mentally disturbed criminal who looks at his world as threatening. The third group is pure psychopaths, a group in which tyrants such as Hitler and Stalin belong. (Hall)WILL IT SOLVE ANYTHING?Over thirty-eight thousand people use guns to commit suicide each year. If the guns are taken away from them, they will just find another way to kill themselves. Suicide is a problem that can’t really be solved. On the other hand, guns are also used to kill over eleven thousand p eople a year (Becker). Again, if the guns are taken away, murderers will find other methods to kill, but if they aren’t using guns, there hopefully won’t be as many deaths. If a man goes into a building with a gun, he can kill an almost unlimited number of people, but if he only has a knife, for example, it’s going to take a lot longer to kill that many people by the time help arrives.ANTI-GUN ORGANIZATIONSOne of the most famous anti-gun organizations is the Brady Campaign, established in 1974, which has played a major role in the control of guns. Their main goal is to make it more difficult for convicted felons, the mentally unstable, and other such people to obtain guns (â€Å"About Us: History of the Brady Campaign†). They presented the Brady Act, passed in 1993, which would â€Å"impose a waiting period of up to five days for the purchase of a handgun, and subjects purchasers to a background check† (â€Å"Brady Act†). Since the impositio n of this act, over one hundred million background checks have been conducted, and more than seven hundred thousand attempted purchases have been denied (â€Å"National Instant Criminal Background Check System†).Another major group is the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence, or the CSGV. Their mission statement is â€Å"The Coalition to Stop Gun Violence seeks to secure freedom from gun violence through research, strategic engagement and effective policy advocacy.† They are composed of forty-seven national organizations, including religious and social justice organizations, child welfare advocates, and public health professionals. This diversity allows them to reach a wide variety of grassroots in the world (â€Å"About Us – Coalition to Stop Gun Violence†).CONCLUSIONIf people like teachers had carrying permits, they could keep a gun locked up in the classroom, so if a person with a gun comes bursting through the door and threatens to shoot people, or does sho ot someone, the teacher can run to grab the gun, and protect the lives of all the children and him/herself. Through further investigation, it has been found that the gun murder rate can be lowered through proper enforcement of carrying permit laws, better help for the mentally unbalanced, and increased gun buybacks.

At Risk Students

Below is a list of warning signs that an educator may see with these types of abuses. Warning Signs of Potential Abuse: Be aggressive, oppositional, or defiant * Act out, displaying aggressive or disruptive behavior * Fear of going home * Be described as â€Å"accident prone† * Being a low achiever * Showing regressive or less mature behavior * Dislike or shrink from physical contact These are just a few of the signs that are listed as â€Å"Behavioral Clues That May Indicate Child Abuse† (Cross-Tower, 2003, Para. ), since bruises are not always a sure indicator of abuse. Warning Signs of Potential Drug Abuse: * Withdrawal * Isolation Fatigue Depression * Aggressive Rebellious Behavior * Change in Friends * Drop in Academic Performance These are a few of the signs that In an article by Bowers (2013) and according to him, â€Å"[m]ore than one of these behavioral changes must be present In the student for a substantial amount of time before an assumption is made by a te acher about drug use† (up. 2).Warning Signs of Suicidal Tendencies: * Loss of interest in activities previously enjoyed * â€Å"Acting out† verbally or physically, at home or at school * Preoccupation with death and dying * Loss of Interest or participation In school life Sudden reports of trouble at school * Difficulty concentrating These are a few signs that could indicate, â€Å"[p]attention signs of suicidal feelings and Houghton† (Boson's Children Hospital, 2013, Para. 18); however, these could also be signs of depression.Moreover, a teacher should see assistance If these signs appear If one of my students had any of these signs, I would be concerned. The first thing I would do is my research and find out what the protocols are when reporting suspicions of child mistreatment or abuse. Secondly, in these cases I wouldn't second guess myself and I would report my suspicions to the appropriate authority, in addition, I would indicate that these are suspicions a nd that I do not know for sure if abuse is occurring. Furthermore I would do was talk to the child to see if they are willing to disclose what is going on with him or her.If the child discloses anything, I will add that to my suspicions when I turn in my report to the proper authorities. I will continue to keep a watchful eye on the student, and if anything else occurs after I make my report, I will turn that information in as well. Next, I will follow the progress that is going on in the case and ask for any updates available. Moreover, my main priority at all times is my student's well-being and I will continue to report each case f abuse I witness because it is my responsibility to ensure my student's safety and well-being when he or she is in my care.

Innocence of Youth Essay

In The Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger shows how an adolescent boy develops a cynical outlook on life, causing him to feel isolated. Salinger uses Holden to interpret change from the innocence of youth to the responsibilities of adulthood. Holden’s confusion represents that difficult change a person experiences while growing up. He is trying to find his place in the world, but certain obstacles are preventing him from moving forward. The path to redemption is difficult for him because he doesn’t want to accept the responsibilities of being an adult. The novel shows that through adolescence a person faces many new changes that can be difficult to accept. Holden wants the preserve the innocence that a person has as a child. His cynical views of the world develop through his experience with the corruption of the adolescent world. â€Å"Certain things, they should stay the same. You ought to be able to stick them in one of those big glass cases and just leave them alone, I know that’s impossible but it’s too bad anyway.†(Salinger 122) Salinger points out that, changes are not always positive and it would be easier if we could preserve some things. Holden doesn’t want to face the reality of adulthood because he hasn’t experienced many events that show the positive side of being an adult. Holden’s search for moral values is a difficult and lonely path because of his minimal success of finding them. â€Å"Holden speaks of his loneliness and depression; the story of a few days in his life indicates how sad and lonely his search for moral values is in which he finds them to be sorely lacking.†(Walters 3) The search for innocence and moral is often times very lonely due to the constant heinous events that occur. Characters like Holden want to realize a better life that is away from the corruption of civilization. (Walters 3) Throughout his life, Holden experienced many events that show the corruption of adults and teens. He believes that as a person grows up, they fall into a pit of evil and cruelty. He dreams of becoming the catcher in the rye and saving children from falling into the tainted world of adults. Salinger interprets children as pure and free of sins. Purity is often associated with kids as they have not experienced the greed and desires of adul ts. The thing Holden holds closest to him is the memory of his unique brother Allie. The qualities Allie possesses are extremely unique among even kids, which is why Holden is so mesmerized with him. He was not able to experience the adolescence of Allie, which could have contributed to his obsession with innocence. â€Å"Holden’s fantasy elaborates his obsession with innocence and his perhaps surprisingly traditional moral code.†(Walters 3) Holden’s moral code is different because he is often rude, lies to people and even pursues sexual intercourse. Although his moral code is different, he still has the right intentions. His lies are often to make people feel better and his rude attitude is a result of his distaste for immorality. Holden is confused and doesn’t know how to face the world or the people in it. The time period and environment in the novel are aspects that could have contributed to the confusion. Holden’s experienced this confusion during a time of tension in the United States. The post World War II time period could have had negative effects on Holden through conformism and dramatic changes occurrence in the U.S. â€Å"Holden experiences both the confusion of adolescence and spiritual discomfort of an entire age.†(Historical 6) Holden experiences events in New York City, a city of demoralization, crime and crookedness. His cynical perception of the cruel world could have been limited to the setting of the novel. Prep school and public schools are both socially and economically different than public schools. (Historical 8) His time at school could have influenced his emotion due to the elevated expectations of prep schools. There are many aspects of Holden’s life that could have contributed to his confusion and hatred. Confusion is a common emotion during the adolescent stage of a person life. Holden’s confusion is a result of his inability to truly connect with anyone because of his cynical views. He has a feeling of hopelessness for the world around him because of his distaste for adulthood. â€Å"Holden tells the story of his disenchantment with his life and the direction it is taking.†(Walters 2) The realization that he will be entering adulthood evntually depresses him. He wants to retreat backward into the world he is leaving, that of childhood innocence. (Vanderbilt 298) Holden wears a red hat is symbolic of his position in life and the direction it is taking. Wearing it backwards suggests not only his defiant withdrawal from teammates but his desire to go back to his youth. (Vanderbilt 297). Holden finally decides he needs to move on in life after meeting with his sister Phoebe. The innocence of his younger sister allows him to truly find what he is looking for. Through his sister, he finds hope for the world around him. It is through the innocence of Phoebe, at the end, that Holden initially moves toward his redemption. (Vanderbilt 299) Holden’s cloudy stage of confusion eventually starts to clear up. His realization that his actions affect that people he cares about allows him to seek redemption. He states that he will start applying himself in school and has a better outlook on life. Work Cited Page Literary and Historical Context.† The Catcher in the Rye: Innocence Under Pressure. Sanford Pinsker. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993. [1]. Twayne’s Masterwork Studies 114. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Salinger, J D. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston: Little, Brown, 1951. Print. Vanderbilt, Kermit. â€Å"Symbolic Resolution In The Catcher In The Rye: The Cap, The Carrousel, And The American West.† Critical Insights: The Catcher In The Rye (2011): 297-305. Literary Reference Center. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. Walters, Gordon. â€Å"The Catcher In The Rye.† Masterplots, Fourth Edition (2010): 1-2. Literary Reference Center. Web. 22 Feb. 2013.

Homeless in America Research Paper Essay

We see them all the time. Homeless people sit at street corners, holding signs, and asking for money or food. We may look at them, choose to ignore, or choose to give, but for many of the homeless, this has become their way of life. The reason I chose this topic was because of my recent volunteer work with the Salvation Army and Thrift Store in Grand Forks. I have seen people in desperate situations and heard some stories while working with community service members during my time at the Salvation Army. I also personally worked with a homeless man every day at the Salvation Army. He was in his 50’s, tall, gray hair and a large build. He always wore layers of clothes which appeared dirty and worn. He never mentioned to me that he was homeless, but it was told to me by one of the other workers. I was also told that he often slept in the truck that was loaded daily with clothes to be sent over to Minneapolis. He always had such a positive attitude about his job, working for the S alvation Army. People in his situation are another reason I wanted to do research on the history and current epidemic of homeless in America. Locally there is not nearly enough shelter for the homeless. The cost of rent, even in this town, has increased dramatically. In order to afford an apartment, you must save more than a thousand dollars much of time. It is not an easy cycle to get out off, as many people think. As we have learned in class, women and children stay in different locations than the men, which means that families cannot stay together. Often, this fact leads families to sleep in their vehicles in order to stay together. There are many different reasons and causes for homelessness in America. Drug use is one of the earliest factors in homelessness. After the Civil War, morphine and heroin could be purchased from Sears and Roebucks catalogs. Hundreds of thousands of war veterans became addicted, and the addiction spread throughout America. The drugs were finally crimin alized,  but the damage had been done. The three common terms, â€Å"hobo†, â€Å"tramp†, and â€Å"bum† came out of this era. Racial divides also still occur in the areas of healthcare, education, access to mortgages, and access to equal paying jobs among many others. Unless some type of intervention occurs, generational issues are often the rule and not the exception. Living in poverty creates depression, which can lead to drug use, alcoholism, and neglect of self and others. Poverty was a well-known issue during the Civil War and many children ended up homeless and in orphanages simply because their parents, or remaining parent, could not afford to take care of them. War often leads to loss of life, and therefore loss of income in families, especially during this time. Our country was still newly formed and there were no social welfare programs as of yet. Further along in history, during the Great Depression, jobs were lost, and the rates of homeless again, increased throughout America. Natural Dis asters are another factor in the homelessness problem. The Great Chicago Fire, The San Francisco earthquake, the massive flooding of the Mississippi in the 1920s from Ohio through New Orleans displaced over 1.3 million people. The Drought of the 30s in Oklahoma and Texas, Hurricane Katrina, are just a few examples of disasters that affected millions of people’s households. The snowball effect of unemployment and poverty attribute to homelessness. People living in generational poverty, for example, may not have the knowledge or resources to become educated and move out of poverty. People living in generational poverty do not have the resources and support to become educated and move out of poverty. In 2011, the official rate of poverty in America was 15.0%, which is 46.2 million. Another category of homeless is the very people who fought for our country: Veterans. One in three homeless people are veterans. The vast majority is single men (97%). In fact, 40% of the male homeless population is war veterans. A large percentage of these veterans (76%) experience alcohol, drug or mental health problems.3 Poverty was a well-known issue at this time and many children ended up homeless and in orphanages simply because their parents could not afford to take care of them. During the Great Depression, jobs were lost, and the rates of homeless again, increased throughout America. Natural Disasters are another factor in the homelessness problem. The Great Chicago Fire, The San Francisco earthquake, the massive  flooding of the Mississippi in the 1920s from Ohio through New Orleans displaced over 1.3 million people. The Drought of the 30s in Oklahoma and Texas, Hurricane Katrina, are just a few examples of disasters that affected millions of people’s households. T he snowball effect of unemployment and poverty attribute to homelessness. People living in generational poverty, for example, may not have the knowledge or resources to become educated and move out of poverty. People living in generational poverty do not have the resources and support to become educated and move out of poverty. In 2011, the official rate of poverty in America was 15.0%, which is 46.2 million. Many of the homelessness are those we do not see on street corners, asking for help. Locally, the North Dakota Coalition for Homeless People reports information regarding the homeless in North Dakota. A statewide January 25, 2012 Point-in-Time Survey of 972 Homeless People indicated: 6% stayed outside, in cars, in abandoned buildings the night of the survey 66% stayed in emergency shelters or transitional supportive housing 16% were precariously housed in motels or doubled up with family or friends and at imminent risk of being on the street 65% (635) were unaccompanied individ uals 35% (337) were families, including 189 children under the age of 18 59% cannot afford rent, even if they have some income 48% were unemployed 36% had alcohol or drug abuse problems 35% had a mental illness Who are the homeless in America? More than 42% of those accessing emergency shelter are families, and, on average these families remain in emergency shelters for 70 days, longer than either single women or single men. The primary reason for family homelessness is the lack of affordable housing, though poverty, unemployment, low-paying jobs, family disputes, substance abuse, and other factors all play significant roles in family homelessness. Recent statistics indicate that 26% of those suffering from homelessness are considered â€Å"severely mentally ill;† 19% are employed; 15% are victims of domestic violence; 13% are physically disabled; 13 are veterans; and 2% are HIV positive. Children are also not exempt from the issue of homelessness. We may not see them on the streets, but families with children are the largest growing segment of the homeless population. The education of these  children is also affected by this lack of stability. Many times, because of the lack of a permanent residence, children miss or change schools, disrupting their education. According to the Institute for Children and Poverty, homeless children are nine times more likely to repeat a grade, four times more likely to drop out of school, and three times more likely to be placed in special education programs than their housed peers. Runaway youth are also at a high level of risk for homelessness. Homeless and runaway youth had been interviewed after getting into trouble with the law while out on the streets. It was found that some young people felt like they had to make mistakes before they realized they needed help. Rather than learning from seeing their friends get into trouble, they had to try out risky behavior themselves and see the consequences first hand.1 The desire to self-help is key to helping homeless of any age, especially the teenager who often feels like he/she is old enough to take care of his/her self. In this same study, there were three main things that were key to helping out these youth. The first was that the programs designed for runaway and homeless youth need to be flexible and person-centered. The second is that people are more valuable than programs and that process is more important than outcomes. The third is the importance of family and friends. Even after these kids leave or abandon their homes, these relationships often need healing. Homelessness is a national problem and is not exclusive to cities. Rural areas make up 7 percent of the population. Catastrophic life events can trigger homelessness. There is a quote from a publication called â€Å"Starting Point Community Analysis† that states â€Å"We are all one life event away from homelessness.† For many of low income families, this is a true statement. Single moms in America have grown dramatically over the past 50 years. This has created an epidemic of poverty in our country. So many factors contribute to homelessness, many of which are unavoidable. Personal accounts of the homeless in America stated the intense loneliness of being homeless. Because of this loneliness, many single homeless people turn to drugs or alcohol for comfort and a way to escape their current situation. One homeless man stated that once an employer found out he had no phone, no vehicle, and no residence, his application was thrown away. Without  assistance, many of thes e people give up hope on anything better for themselves. It is not as easy as â€Å"getting a job†, as many people are quick to say when seeing a homeless person begging on the street. It is an epidemic of the young, the old, the educated, and the uneducated. Many of these homeless stay out of sight. As social workers, we can provide information on assistance and programs that are available through the state and government. Many of these people simply need a hand up and do not know where to start. By working with these organizations, we can get started on helping via drug/alcohol programs, psychiatric care, financial resources, career and housing assistance. On a micro level, we may need to start with the basic needs of the homeless person. Shelter is the first need to be addressed, but the reasons behind being homeless also have to be addressed. There is usually a root of the problem when it comes to homelessness. Some examples may be a recent divorce, addiction, mental illn ess, or loss of employment. Even the smallest factor can change someone’s life and create a chain of events that they never planned for or saw coming. Also on the micro level we can work as counselors or referrals to health care professionals such as psychiatrists. For those homeless with mental illness, a facility and/or medication may be something that will help them to function in society. Also, introducing the homeless to any programs or help that is available in their local area would be an example of micro level social work. There are a vast array of concerns and reasons for homeless that need to be addressed. On a mezzo level, we may work with organizations such as http://www.endhomelessness.org, http://nationalhomeless.org , or more locally, www.ndhomelesscoalition.org to help raise money to help homeless people in need and further the current help of these organizations. On a macro level, we could work to campaign to raise government funding and policy changes for th e homeless in America. An example would be shelter for families to go to together. This is not available locally right now. Homelessness is a country-wide issue. It does not discriminate. From the wealthiest, to those who have lost everything due to the failing economy, to the poorest who grew up having nothing, homelessness is an epidemic that spans the history of our nation. References 1. Kurtz, P. D. P. D., Lindsey, E. P. D., Jarvis, S. M. E. ,. S., & Nackerud, L. P. D. (2000). How runaway and homeless youth navigate troubled waters: The role of formal and informal helpers. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 17(5), 381-402. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1007507131236 2. Heidi, M. (2011, November 16). The history of homelessness in america 1640s to present. Retrieved from http://www.dceh.org/the-history-of-homelessness-in-america-1640s-to-present/ 3. http://www.supporthomelessveterans.org/statistics.html 4. http://www.ndhomelesscoalition.org/what_we_do/facts.html 5. http://nationalhomeless.org/about-homelessness/ http://www.supporthomelessveterans.org/statistics.html

Reaction Paper to given quotes listed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaction Paper to given quotes listed - Essay Example Instead of increasing taxes, Senator Cornyn strongly suggests to carefully look through the government spending which is as high as 25% of taxes as compared to 18% of tax revenues (Cornyn, 2011). President Obama is a Democrat whereas Senator Cornyn is a Republican. In Senator Cornyn’s speech, he mentioned that â€Å"President Obama’s re-election speech was abosultely disgraceful† and that â€Å"the president is criticizing the work performances of other people without even doing his own job by proposing a responsible solution to our nation’s debt† (Cornyn, 2011). Upon analyzing the situation, Senator Cornyn was not really out there to destroy the well-being of President Obama. He was simply commenting on what he think is best in terms of coming up with effective solutions that could improve the socio-economic status and quality of life of the American people. In fact, Senator Cornyn’s criticism was based his perception about President Obama’s re-election speech. It was not something that he made up to destroy the reputation of Obama as the president of the United States. As a common knowledge, each politician has their own strategic way on how they could protect their professional standing. However, it is a wrong perception for people to think that becoming a part of the Texas government politics could severely hurt us as a person. Given that each politician has their own personal views on how they can contribute in the development of the U.S. economy, it is but a common thing for them to criticize the works of other politicians so they can convince the people to support their political strategies than those of others. Ann Richards was the first woman elected as the State Treasurer in Texas back in 1982. Because of the extensive experiences in the field of politics that Richards gained over the years, she quoted that â€Å"I’ve always said that in politics,

United States Department of Labor Case Study Assignment

United States Department of Labor Case Study - Assignment Example Individuals who qualify for the programs require disbursing the premium exclusively to cover a maximum of one hundred and two percent of the plan cost. COBRA assimilation by parliament took place in the year 1986, and its health benefits provisions prove accredited. The law reviews the ‘Employee Retirement Income Security Act’, the ‘Internal Revenue Code’ and the ‘Public Health Service Act’ ensure continuation of collective health coverage which would not have been in existence (United States & United States, 2007). Employers with more than 20 employees, for more than a year in the program, have the benefit of extension of health coverage, designed for their employees and their families, in cases where the coverage plans deems ending. Cobra gives out the methods by which the employees and their families can elect coverage continuation through their employers (United States & United States, 2007). Compliance with the federal laws Cobra ensures that it complies with the federal laws and any other related agencies. Its department of labor and treasury has power over private sector collective health plans. The Department of Health and Human Services expresses the operational law coverage affecting public sectors health plans. The labor section’s deductive and authoritarian accountability confines the release, and notification needs of COBRA. Number issuing done to customers in case one needs clarifications of any form. COBRA’s activities are regulated by the Internal Revenue Service, D epartment of the Treasury, it monitors their qualifications regarding, coverage and premiums, the continuation coverage needs for collective health plans. The departments responsible for implementation of these provisions are the labor and treasury departments (Jasper, 2009). How employees use this information to ensure that their right are protected Information is useful in ensuring the rights of employees are protected in that when the employees know who is legible for compensation, and in what cases they can claim compensation; there would be fewer cases of grievances in the organization. The employees are provided with contacts on who to consult in case they have any query relating to temporary extension of their health returns. Employees should always ensure that; COBRA or any other organizational plan is in use, depending on their organizational strategies to avoid any inconveniences. Continued coverage takes various forms as it may cover union members with collective bargaini ng agreement. The requirement, for employers and health plan administrators, of supplying a general notice in case they deem entitled to COBRA benefits is inevitable. COBRA subjected employees always receive notifications of their membership immediately after assimilation in a COBRA registered organization (United States & United States, 2007). In case of termination of an employee’s legibility to health coverage, the employer is responsible for providing notifications concerning the right s of the employees to COBRA continuation returns. Plan administrators wholly depend on employers for notifications concerning termination or lessened work hours to enable them successfully terminate the health benefits of the affected employees. The employer must provide information concerning the affected employee thirty days after the alteration of the employee’s contract. After which the plan administrator provide information to the employee within the fourteen days of the after